Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25265938›Full record

ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2016

The incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in the UK, 1999-2012.

Frances Rees, Michael Doherty, Matthew Grainge, Graham Davenport, Peter Lanyon, Weiya Zhang

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
149citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
13.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

149 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 310 citations in OpenAlex.

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89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Frances ReesDivision of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK Rheumatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
Michael DohertyDivision of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Matthew GraingeDivision of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Graham DavenportArthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Keele University, Keele, UK.
Peter LanyonDivision of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK Rheumatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
Weiya ZhangDivision of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
University of Nottingham · GBKeele University · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo estimate the incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the UK over the period 1999-2012.

methodsA retrospective cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The incidence was calculated per 100 000 person-years and the prevalence was calculated per 100 000 people for the period 1999-2012 and stratified by year, age group, gender, region and ethnicity. Three definitions of SLE were explored: (1) systemic lupus, (2) a fully comprehensive definition of lupus including cutaneous only lupus and (3) requiring supporting evidence of SLE in the medical record.

resultsUsing our primary definition of SLE, the incidence during the study period was 4.91/100 000 person-years (95% CI 4.73 to 5.09), with an annual 1.8% decline (p<0.001). In contrast, the prevalence increased from 64.99/100 000 in 1999 (95% CI 62.04 to 67.93) (0.065%) to 97.04/100 000 in 2012 (95% CI 94.18 to 99.90) (0.097%). SLE was six times more common in women. The peak age of incidence was 50-59 years. There was regional variation in both incidence and prevalence. People of Black Caribbean ethnicity had the highest incidence and prevalence. Alternative definitions of SLE increased (definition 2) or decreased (definition 3) estimates of incidence and prevalence, but similar trends were found.

conclusionsThe incidence of SLE has been declining but the prevalence has been increasing in the UK in recent years. Age, gender, region and ethnicity are risk factors for SLE. This is the first study to report ethnic differences on the incidence and prevalence of SLE using the CPRD.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsBlack PeopleCaribbean RegionChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceLupus Erythematosus, SystemicMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceAutoimmune DiseasesEpidemiologySystemic Lupus Erythematosus

Identifiers

PMID25265938
PMCPMC4717400
OpenAlexW2157519867

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.