ArticleEuropean journal of immunology2015
CD25(+) Bcl6(low) T follicular helper cells provide help to maturing B cells in germinal centers of human tonsil.
Article in European journal of immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adenosine deaminase co-immunization reverses age-associated immunosenescence by restoring germinal center T follicular helper cell function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Multimodal analysis definesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Altered immune signatures in breast cancer lymph nodes with metastases revealed by spatial proteome analyses.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Regulation of the Function of T Follicular Helper Cells and B Cells in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by the OX40/OX40L Axis.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- The common variable immunodeficiency IgM repertoire narrowly recognizes erythrocyte and platelet glycans.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist in the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue of children.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Diagnostic Performance of PD-L1 versus PD-1 Expression in Circulating CD20 Cells in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- B Cell Subset Analysis and Gene Expression Characterization in Mid-Luteal Endometrium.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Cytokine production in patients with recurrent acute tonsillitis: analysis of tonsil samples and blood.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- CTLA-4 and PD-1 dual blockade induces SIV reactivation without control of rebound after antiretroviral therapy interruption.Nature medicine · 2020Article
- Regulatory roles of IL-10-producing human follicular T cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
- FoxP3 and Ezh2 regulate Tfr cell suppressive function and transcriptional program.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
- Interleukin-1 in the Response of Follicular Helper and Follicular Regulatory T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Increased tumor vascularization is associated with the amount of immune competent PD-1 positive cells in testicular germ cell tumors.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- IL-2 augments the therapeutic efficacy of adoptively transferred B cells which directly kill tumor cells via the CXCR4/CXCL12 and perforin pathways.Oncotarget · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The majority of CXCR5(+) PD1(+) CD4(+) T follicular helper (Tfh) cells (>90%) are CD25(-) Bcl6(hi) , while a small subpopulation (<10%) are CD25(+) Bcl6(low) but do not express FoxP3 and are not T regulatory cells. We purified T:B-cell conjugates from tonsils and found they were enriched for the CD25(+) Bcl6(low) Tfh-cell subpopulation. In response to IL-2, these CD25(+) Tfh cells increased expression of costimulatory molecules ICOS or OX40, upregulated transcription factor cMaf, produced cytokines IL-21, IL-17, and IL-10, and raised the levels of antiapoptotic protein Bcl2. Conjugates formed with CD25(+) BCl6(low) Tfh cells included B cells expressing higher levels of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), memory marker CD45RO, surface IgG or IgA, and MHC class II compared to B-cell conjugates including CD25(-) Bcl6(hi) Tfh cells. While IL-2 suppresses early Tfh-cell differentiation, Tfh-cell recognition of antigen-presenting B cells and signaling through the T-cell receptor likely triggers expression of the high-affinity IL-2 receptor and responses to IL-2 including downregulation of Bcl6. CD25 expression on Tfh cells and local production of IL-2 in tonsil or lymph node may support B helper T-cell function during later stages of B-cell maturation and the development of immune memory.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.