ReviewAmerican journal of pharmaceutical education2014
The fact of ignorance: revisiting the Socratic method as a tool for teaching critical thinking.
Review in American journal of pharmaceutical education, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Promise, Mimicry, and Surveillance: Responsibly Integrating Artificial Intelligence With Socratic Inquiry in Medical Education.JMIR medical education · 2026Article
- The Effects of Agent Type and Feedback Style on Self-Directed Learning: A Mixed-Methods Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Asking to advance: a discourse analytic perspective on how Socratic questioning scaffolds medical house officers' expertise.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Article
- Supporting quantitative skills in biomedical science with smart worksheets: intentions, impact and barriers to engagement.British journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- The impact of exposure to scientific research and inclusive mentoring style on medical undergraduates' perceptions of critical thinking, communication, and passion.Medical education online · 2025Article
- Evaluating a Custom Chatbot in Undergraduate Medical Education: Randomised Crossover Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Performance, Utility, and Perceptions.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Factors Contributing to Low Utilization of Intracoronary Imaging in Clinical Practice: A White Paper.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2025Review
- Navigating power dynamics between pharmacy preceptors and learners.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024Article
- Strengthening critical thinking through debriefing - experiential learning theory: A case study.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- Thinking more wisely: using the Socratic method to develop critical thinking skills amongst healthcare students.BMC medical education · 2023Review
- Proposed definition of competencies for surgical neuro-oncology training.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Pharmacy Students.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2019Review
- Professional Skill Builder: Mastering Cardiac Auscultation in Under 4 Hours.MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources · 2017Article
- Thinking Clinically from the Beginning: Early Introduction of the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2016Article
- Practical Insights for the Pharmacist Educator on Student Engagement.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2016Review
- An Elective Course on Antimicrobial Stewardship.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2015Article
- A Learner-led, Discussion-based Elective on Emerging Infectious Disease.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Critical thinking, while highly valued as an ability of health care providers, remains a skill that many educators find difficult to teach. This review provides an analysis examining why current methods of teaching critical thinking to health care students (primarily medical and pharmacy students) often fail and describes a premise and potential utility of the Socratic method as a tool to teach critical thinking in health care education.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.