Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2015
A test of the stress-buffering model of social support in smoking cessation: is the relationship between social support and time to relapse mediated by reduced withdrawal symptoms?
Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Factors associated with death anxiety in family caregivers of cancer patients: a systematic review.BMC palliative care · 2026Pooled it
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- A randomized controlled trial of a smoking cessation self-help intervention for dual users of tobacco cigarettes and E-cigarettes: Intervention development and research design.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Extended Self-Help for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of preventive medicine · 2016Trial
- Time-varying effects of a text-based smoking cessation intervention for urban adolescents.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Trial
- Associations between smoking status, beliefs, and comfort providing quitting support in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Association of Burnout With Missed Nursing Care Among Neuro-Oncology Nurses: The Mediating Role of Professional Identity and the Moderating Role of Psychological Capital.Nursing open · 2026Article
- The effect of Effort-Reward imbalance on job performance among primary healthcare professionals: the mediating roles of social support and resilience.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Latent profile analysis of missed nursing care and their predictors among neuro-oncology nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study of the association between the teachable moment heuristic and smoking of head and neck cancer patients.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025Article
- A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the NIH Emotions Toolbox Among People Living with HIV and Who May Use Methamphetamine.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Coping and Social Support in Relation to Minority Stress and Cigarette Smoking Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Veterans.Annals of LGBTQ public and population health · 2024Article
- Self-control as mediator and social support as moderator in stress-relapse dynamics of substance dependency.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Death anxiety among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: a cross-sectional survey.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Article
- Quality of life and death anxiety among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: the mediating effect of trait anxious personality and the moderating effect of social support.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Article
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Longitudinal analysis of peer social support and quitting Smoking: Moderation by sex and implications for cessation interventions.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- An investigation into the relationship between social support, stress, and psychological well-being in farmers.Journal of community psychology · 2022Article
- Cross-Sectional Associations of Self-Reported Social/Emotional Support and Life Satisfaction with Smoking and Vaping Status in Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Towards a better understanding of the psychosocial determinants associated with adults' use of smokeless tobacco in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSocial support has been linked to quitting smoking, but the mechanisms by which social support affects cessation are poorly understood. The current study tested a stress-buffering model of social support, which posits that social support protects or "buffers" individuals from stress related to quitting smoking. We hypothesized that social support would be negatively associated with risk of relapse, and that this effect would be mediated by reduced withdrawal and depressive symptoms (i.e., cessation-related stress) over time. Further, we predicted that trait neuroticism would moderate this mediational effect, such that individuals high in negative affectivity would show the greatest stress-buffering effects of social support.
methodsParticipants were weight-concerned women (n = 349) ages 18-65 enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled smoking cessation trial of bupropion and cognitive behavioral therapy. Social support was assessed at baseline, and biochemically-verified abstinence, withdrawal-related symptoms, and depressive symptoms were assessed at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months follow-up.
resultsSocial support was negatively related to risk of relapse in survival models and negatively related to withdrawal symptoms and depression in mixed effects models. These relationships held after controlling for the effects of pre-quit day negative affect and depression symptoms, assignment to treatment condition, and number of cigarettes smoked per day. A temporal mediation model showed that the effect of social support on risk of relapse was mediated by reductions in withdrawal symptoms over time but not by depression over time. Contrary to hypotheses, we did not find that neuroticism moderated this mediation effect.
conclusionsIncreased social support may buffer women from the harmful effects of cessation-related withdrawal symptoms, which in turn improve cessation outcomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.