ArticleJournal of neurogastroenterology and motility2014
Association between halitosis diagnosed by a questionnaire and halimeter and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Article in Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of water flossing on gingival inflammation and supragingival plaque microbiota: a 12-week randomized controlled trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Trial
- Clinical and Microbiological Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- hTAS2R38 polymorphisms modulate oral microbiota and influence the prevalence and treatment outcome of halitosis.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Epidemiological surveys, antibiotic resistance, and related risk factors of Helicobacter pylori in Quanzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Halitosis: etiology, prevention, and the role of microbiota.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Review
- Influence of tobacco smoking on the development of halitosis.Toxicology reports · 2022Article
- A Literature Review and Framework Proposal for Halitosis Assessment in Cigarette Smokers and Alternative Nicotine-Delivery Products Users.Frontiers in oral health · 2021Review
- [Halitosis: multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches].The Pan African medical journal · 2018Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsThe relationship between halitosis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate an association between subjective and objective halitosis and GERD.
methodsThe subjects were enrolled from participants who visited a health promotion center at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. For diagnosis of halitosis, a questionnaire was requested, and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were measured by Halimeter. Self-conscious halitosis was defined as halitosis perceived by himself or herself. Informed halitosis was defined as hal-itosis perceived by others. Objective halitosis was defined when mean VSCs values were > 100 parts per billion. GERD was defined based on a questionnaire and endoscopy, including erosive esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD).
resultsA total of 54 subjects (male:female = 33:21) with mean age of 46.0 ± 11.4 years were analyzed. The mean VSCs values were not significantly different between presence and absence of self-conscious halitosis (P = 0.322), but significantly different be-tween presence and absence of informed halitosis (P = 0.021). Informed halitosis was associated with objective halitosis (P = 0.039). GERD, erosive esophagitis and NERD did not correlate with objective halitosis (P = 0.556, 0.206 and 0.902, re-spectively). In multivariable analysis, the relationship between objective halitosis and GERD symptoms including chest pain, heart burn, acid regurgitation, epigastric pain, hoarseness, globus sensation and coughing was not significant. Besides, GERD was not associated with self-conscious halitosis, informed halitosis and objective halitosis, respectively.
conclusionsGERD might not be associated with self-conscious, informed halitosis and objective halitosis indicated by Halimeter results. Informed halitosis could be correlated with objective halitosis determined by the Halimeter.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;20:483-490).
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