ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Genotyping of Burkholderia mallei from an outbreak of glanders in Bahrain suggests multiple introduction events.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glanders: Past, Present and Future of a Neglected Zoonosis as a Threat in Veterinary and Human Health.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Review
- Glanders: Historical military use and potential bioterrorism concern.Open veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Glanders: An ancient and emergent disease with no vaccine or treatment on site.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- Molecular detection of Burkholderia mallei in different geographic regions of Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2023Article
- Sequencing-Based Genotyping of PakistaniPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Genetic diversity and spatial distribution of Burkholderia mallei by core genome-based multilocus sequence typing analysis.PloS one · 2022Article
- Sequence-based detection and typing procedures forFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Assessment of the control measures of the category A diseases of Animal Health Law:EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2022Article
- 16S rDNA and ITS Sequence Diversity of Burkholderia mallei Isolated from Glanders-Affected Horses and Mules in India (2013-2019).Current microbiology · 2021Article
- Development of a sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of Burkholderia mallei, a Tier 1 select agent.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Molecular Typing of Burkholderia mallei Isolates from Equids with Glanders, India.Emerging infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Validation of a Commercial Glanders ELISA as an Alternative to the CFT in International Trade of Equidae.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- TheFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- A Review of Zoonotic Pathogens of Dromedary Camels.EcoHealth · 2019Review
- The potential for an outbreak of glanders in Nepal.Tropical medicine and health · 2019Article
- Complete Genome Sequence of a Burkholderia mallei Isolate Originating from a Glanderous Horse from the Kingdom of Bahrain.Genome announcements · 2016Article
- Burkholderia mallei CLH001 Attenuated Vaccine Strain Is Immunogenic and Protects against Acute Respiratory Glanders.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Massive dispersal ofMicrobial genomics · 2016Article
- Genome-wide RNA sequencing analysis of quorum sensing-controlled regulons in the plant-associated Burkholderia glumae PG1 strain.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlanders, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease of solipeds causing severe disease in animals and men. Although eradicated from many Western countries, it recently emerged in Asia, the Middle-East, Africa, and South America. Due to its rareness, little is known about outbreak dynamics of the disease and its epidemiology. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe investigated a recent outbreak of glanders in Bahrain by applying high resolution genotyping (multiple locus variable number of tandem repeats, MLVA) and comparative whole genome sequencing to B. mallei isolated from infected horses and a camel. These results were compared to samples obtained from an outbreak in the United Arab Emirates in 2004, and further placed into a broader phylogeographic context based on previously published B. mallei data. The samples from the outbreak in Bahrain separated into two distinct clusters, suggesting a complex epidemiological background and evidence for the involvement of multiple B. mallei strains. Additionally, the samples from Bahrain were more closely related to B. mallei isolated from horses in the United Arab Emirates in 2004 than other B. mallei which is suggestive of repeated importation to the region from similar geographic sources. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: High-resolution genotyping and comparative whole genome analysis revealed the same phylogenetic patterns among our samples. The close relationship of the Dubai/UAE B. mallei populations to each other may be indicative of a similar geographic origin that has yet to be identified for the infecting strains. The recent emergence of glanders in combination with worldwide horse trading might pose a new risk for human infections.
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