Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25254988›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Immune profile predicts survival and reflects senescence in a small, long-lived mammal, the greater sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata).

Karin Schneeberger, Alexandre Courtiol, Gábor Á Czirják, Christian C Voigt

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Sex differences in DNA methylation in bats.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025
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  10. Effect of sex and reproductive status on the immunity of the temperate batMammalian biology = Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde · 2019
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  12. Livestock abundance predicts vampire bat demography, immune profiles and bacterial infection risk.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2018
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Karin SchneebergerLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Department Animal Behaviour, Berlin, Germany.
Alexandre CourtiolLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany.
Gábor Á CzirjákLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany.
Christian C VoigtLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Department Animal Behaviour, Berlin, Germany.
Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research · DEFreie Universität Berlin · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The immune system imposes costs that may have to be traded against investment of resources in other costly life-history traits. Yet, it is unknown if a trade-off between immunity and longevity occurs in free-ranging mammals. Here, we tested if age and survival, two aspects associated with longevity, are linked to immune parameters in an 8 g bat species. Using a combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal data, we assessed whether total white blood cell (WBC) counts, bacterial killing ability of the plasma (BKA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration change with age. Furthermore, we asked if these immune parameters impose costs resulting in decreased survival probabilities. We found that WBC counts decreased with age both within and among individuals. IgG concentrations were higher in older individuals, but did not change with age within individuals. Furthermore, individuals with above average WBC counts or IgG concentration had lower probabilities to survive the next six months. High WBC counts and IgG concentrations may reflect infections with parasites and pathogens, however, individuals that were infected with trypanosomes or nematodes showed neither higher WBC counts or IgG concentrations, nor was infection connected with survival rates. BKA was higher in infected compared with uninfected bats, but not related to age or survival. In conclusion, cellular (WBC) and humoral (IgG) parts of the immune system were both connected to age and survival, but not to parasite infections, which supports the hypothesis that energetically costly immunological defences are traded against other costly life-history traits, leading to a reduced lifespan in this free-ranging mammal.

Indexed as

ImmunosenescenceLongevityAge FactorsAnimalsChiropteraCosta Rica

Identifiers

PMID25254988
PMCPMC4177908
OpenAlexW2137712465

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.