ReviewProceedings. Biological sciences2014
The evolutionary interplay of intergroup conflict and altruism in humans: a review of parochial altruism theory and prospects for its extension.
Review in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissociable glucocorticoid and noradrenergic effects on parochial cooperation and competition in intergroup conflict.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Trial
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- Conflicting identities and cooperation between groups: experimental evidence from a mentoring programme.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Oxytocin activity is not linked to out-group prosociality in wild bonobos.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The influence of social value orientation and group relations on fairness norms enforcement.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Ambassadors of peace : The anthropology of war and how to overcome the human killing instinct.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Super-additive cooperation.Nature · 2024Article
- No strong evidence for universal gender differences in the development of cooperative behaviour across societies.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Fitness consequences of outgroup conflict.eLife · 2022Review
- Modelling behaviour in intergroup conflicts: a review of microeconomic approaches.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Key individuals catalyse intergroup violence.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Intergroup conflict: origins, dynamics and consequences across taxa.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Parochial cooperation in wild chimpanzees: a model to explain the evolution of parochial altruism.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Variation between species, populations, groups and individuals in the fitness consequences of out-group conflict.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Null results for the steal-framing effect on out-group aggression.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Facial and body sexual dimorphism are not interconnected in the Maasai.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2022Article
- Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour.Evolutionary human sciences · 2022Article
- Networks of reliable reputations and cooperation: a review.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- National parochialism is ubiquitous across 42 nations around the world.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
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Abstract
Drawing on an idea proposed by Darwin, it has recently been hypothesized that violent intergroup conflict might have played a substantial role in the evolution of human cooperativeness and altruism. The central notion of this argument, dubbed 'parochial altruism', is that the two genetic or cultural traits, aggressiveness against the out-groups and cooperativeness towards the in-group, including self-sacrificial altruistic behaviour, might have coevolved in humans. This review assesses the explanatory power of current theories of 'parochial altruism'. After a brief synopsis of the existing literature, two pitfalls in the interpretation of the most widely used models are discussed: potential direct benefits and high relatedness between group members implicitly induced by assumptions about conflict structure and frequency. Then, a number of simplifying assumptions made in the construction of these models are pointed out which currently limit their explanatory power. Next, relevant empirical evidence from several disciplines which could guide future theoretical extensions is reviewed. Finally, selected alternative accounts of evolutionary links between intergroup conflict and intragroup cooperation are briefly discussed which could be integrated with parochial altruism in the future.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.