SynthesisBMC medicine2014
Dietary calcium intake and mortality risk from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Synthesis in BMC medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Calcium intake, calcium supplementation and cardiovascular disease and mortality in the British population: EPIC-norfolk prospective cohort study and meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2021Pooled it
- Calcium Supplements and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dietary calcium intake and hypertension risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Cheese consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.European journal of nutrition · 2017Pooled it
- Quantitative analysis of efficacy and associated factors of calcium intake on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Pooled it
- Prevalence of coronary artery disease according to lifestyle characteristics, nutrient intake level, and comorbidities among Koreans aged 40 years and older: a cross-sectional study using data from the 7th (2016-2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Korean journal of community nutrition · 2025Article
- A prospective cohort study produces inconclusive results in linking dietary calcium intake to overall and specific causes of mortality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations of calcium and magnesium intakes and their intake ratio with albuminuria in middle-aged and older adults.PloS one · 2025Article
- Dietary Minerals and Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes among Never-Smokers in a Danish Case-Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Association between consumption of small fish and all-cause mortality among Japanese: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Association of dietary calcium intake at dinner versus breakfast with cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults: the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2003-2018.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- The association of long-term calcium and dairy products intake in adolescence with carotid intima media thickness and metabolic syndrome in early adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2023Article
- Vitamin D intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Japanese men and women: the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study.European journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Association between serum calcium level and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Association between serum calcium levels and first stroke: A community-based nested case-control study.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Dietary and nutrient intake among participants of a Brazilian health promotion programme: a cross-sectional study.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConsiderable controversy exists regarding the association between dietary calcium intake and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to examine the controversy.
methodsWe identified relevant studies by searching MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases between 1 September 2013 and 30 December 2013. Reference lists of relevant articles were also reviewed. Observational prospective studies that reported relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for the association of calcium intake with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality were eligible. Study-specific relative risks were pooled using a random-effects model.
resultsIn this meta-analysis, 11 prospective studies with 12 independent cohorts, involving 757,304 participants, were eligible. There was evidence of a non-linear association between dietary calcium intake and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (P for non-linearity <0.01) and all causes (P for non-linearity <0.01). A dose-response analysis showed a U-shaped relationship between dietary calcium intake and cardiovascular mortality. Intakes that were lower and higher than around 800 mg/day were gradually associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. For all-cause mortality, we also observed a threshold effect at intakes around 900 mg/day. The risk of all-cause mortality did not decrease further at intakes above 900 mg/day.
conclusionsThis meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies suggests that dietary calcium intake is associated with cardiovascular mortality in a U-shaped manner and that high dietary calcium intake (>900 mg/day) is not associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.