ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2014
A rational framework for evaluating the next generation of vaccines against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Multistage pathogenesis and disease associations ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Jejunal mucosal immune response in goats ten months afterThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Paratuberculosis: a mucosal immunology perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Whole transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood identifies systemic innate immune responses and translation inhibition in subclinical Holstein cattle naturally infected withFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of alternative vaccination routes against paratuberculosis in goats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Evaluation ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Super Shedding in Enteric Pathogens: A Review.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Mining the Proteome ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Immunological Evaluation of Goats Immunized with a Commercial Vaccine against Johne's Disease.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Article
- Challenges in Veterinary Vaccine Development.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Advances in Understanding of the Immune Response to Mycobacterial Pathogens and Vaccines through Use of Cattle andVaccines · 2021Review
- Johne's Disease in Dairy Cattle: An Immunogenetic Perspective.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Self-assembled particulate vaccine elicits strong immune responses and reduces Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in mice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- A Protective Vaccine against Johne's Disease in Cattle.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Potential Vaccines for Treating Crohn's DiseaseIranian biomedical journal · 2020Review
- A single dose polyanhydride-based nanovaccine against paratuberculosis infection.NPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- Vaccine approaches for the 'therapeutic management' ofThe veterinary quarterly · 2019Review
- The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep.BMC veterinary research · 2019Article
- Capacity to Elicit Cytotoxic CD8 T Cell Activity AgainstFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the early 1980s, several investigations have focused on developing a vaccine against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle and sheep. These studies used whole-cell inactivated vaccines that have proven useful in limiting disease progression, but have not prevented infection. In contrast, modified live vaccines that invoke a Th1 type immune response, may improve protection against infection. Spurred by recent advances in the ability to create defined knockouts in MAP, several independent laboratories have developed modified live vaccine candidates by transpositional mutation of virulence and metabolic genes in MAP. In order to accelerate the process of identification and comparative evaluation of the most promising modified live MAP vaccine candidates, members of a multi-institutional USDA-funded research consortium, the Johne's disease integrated program (JDIP), met to establish a standardized testing platform using agreed upon protocols. A total of 22 candidates vaccine strains developed in five independent laboratories in the United States and New Zealand voluntarily entered into a double blind stage gated trial pipeline. In Phase I, the survival characteristics of each candidate were determined in bovine macrophages. Attenuated strains moved to Phase II, where tissue colonization of C57/BL6 mice were evaluated in a challenge model. In Phase III, five promising candidates from Phase I and II were evaluated for their ability to reduce fecal shedding, tissue colonization and pathology in a baby goat challenge model. Formation of a multi-institutional consortium for vaccine strain evaluation has revealed insights for the implementation of vaccine trials for Johne's disease and other animal pathogens. We conclude by suggesting the best way forward based on this 3-phase trial experience and challenge the rationale for use of a macrophage-to-mouse-to native host pipeline for MAP vaccine development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.