ArticlePloS one2014
3-Dimensional culture systems for anti-cancer compound profiling and high-throughput screening reveal increases in EGFR inhibitor-mediated cytotoxicity compared to monolayer culture systems.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- New hybrid pyridine-1,2,4-triazole scaffolds: synthesis, in vitro evaluation of anticancer and antimicrobial activity, and in silico insights.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Multicellular Spheroid Models-A Tool for Studying Cancer Biology; a Possible Platform for Drug Screening and Personalized Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Spheroid-Based 3D Models to Decode Cell Function and Matrix Effectors in Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2025Article
- The present and future of the Cancer Dependency Map.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Significance of mouse xenograft tumor model using patient-derived cancer organoids for clinical drug development.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Advances in high throughput cell culture technologies for therapeutic screening and biological discovery applications.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Review
- The progressive trend of modeling and drug screening systems of breast cancer bone metastasis.Journal of biological engineering · 2024Review
- 3D tumor spheroids: morphological alterations a yardstick to anti-cancer drug response.In vitro models · 2023Review
- In vivo antiangiogenic effect of nimbolide, trans-chalcone and piperine for use against glioblastoma.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures: The Bridge between In Vitro and In Vivo Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- MDM2 inhibitors, nutlin-3a and navtemadelin, retain efficacy in human and mouse cancer cells cultured in hypoxia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Easy-to-Operate Co-Flow Step Emulsification Device for High-Throughput Three-Dimensional Cell Culture.Biosensors · 2022Article
- Synergistic combination of PMBA and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in targeting mutant KRAS in 2D and 3D colorectal cancer cells.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Automated Assessment of Cancer Drug Efficacy On Breast Tumor Spheroids in Aggrewell™400 Plates Using Image Cytometry.Journal of fluorescence · 2022Article
- Establishment and large-scale validation of a three-dimensional tumor model on an array chip for anticancer drug evaluation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- 3D Cell Culture Models as Recapitulators of the Tumor Microenvironment for the Screening of Anti-Cancer Drugs.Cancers · 2021Review
- Alginate Microencapsulation for Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cell Culture.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2021Review
- Next‑generation sequencing analysis reveals that MTH‑3, a novel curcuminoid derivative, suppresses the invasion of MDA‑MB‑231 triple‑negative breast adenocarcinoma cells.Oncology reports · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
3-dimensional (3D) culture models have the potential to bridge the gap between monolayer cell culture and in vivo studies. To benefit anti-cancer drug discovery from 3D models, new techniques are needed that enable their use in high-throughput (HT) screening amenable formats. We have established miniaturized 3D culture methods robust enough for automated HT screens. We have applied these methods to evaluate the sensitivity of normal and tumorigenic breast epithelial cell lines against a panel of oncology drugs when cultured as monolayers (2D) and spheroids (3D). We have identified two classes of compounds that exhibit preferential cytotoxicity against cancer cells over normal cells when cultured as 3D spheroids: microtubule-targeting agents and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. Further improving upon our 3D model, superior differentiation of EC50 values in the proof-of-concept screens was obtained by co-culturing the breast cancer cells with normal human fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Further, the selective sensitivity of the cancer cells towards chemotherapeutics was observed in 3D co-culture conditions, rather than as 2D co-culture monolayers, highlighting the importance of 3D cultures. Finally, we examined the putative mechanisms that drive the differing potency displayed by EGFR inhibitors. In summary, our studies establish robust 3D culture models of human cells for HT assessment of tumor cell-selective agents. This methodology is anticipated to provide a useful tool for the study of biological differences within 2D and 3D culture conditions in HT format, and an important platform for novel anti-cancer drug discovery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.