ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2015
Nevirapine or efavirenz for tuberculosis and HIV coinfected patients: exposure and virological failure relationship.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rifampicin Exposure in Tuberculosis Patients with Comorbidities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prioritising Populations for Treatment-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in patients on antituberculosis treatment in high human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis burden countries: A systematic review.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Pooled it
- Choice of initial antiretroviral drugs and treatment outcomes among HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a Raltegravir-Containing Regimen in Children Aged 4 Weeks to 2 Years Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Receiving Rifampin for Tuberculosis.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2021Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and safety of a raltegravir-containing regimen in HIV-infected children aged 2-12 years on rifampicin for tuberculosis.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Application of joint modeling on the determinants of TB Status and CD4 cell count among antiretroviral therapy attendants in Gondar teaching referral hospital, Gonder, Ethiopia.African health sciences · 2023Article
- Advancing Diagnosis and Treatment in People Living with HIV and Tuberculosis Meningitis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Nevirapine and tuberculosis predict first-line treatment failure in HIV patients in Indonesia: Case-control study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2020Article
- Article
- Effect of Rifampin-Isoniazid-Containing Antituberculosis Therapy on Efavirenz Pharmacokinetics in HIV-Infected Children 3 to 14 Years Old.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Tuberculosis Associated with HIV Infection.Microbiology spectrum · 2017Review
- Inhibition of CYP2B6 by Medicinal Plant Extracts: Implication for Use of Efavirenz and Nevirapine-Based Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in Resource-Limited Settings.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- The pregnane X receptor in tuberculosis therapeutics.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe describe nevirapine and efavirenz exposure on and off tuberculosis treatment and consequences for virological efficacy and tolerance in patients included in the ANRS 12146/12214-CARINEMO trial.
methodsParticipants were randomly selected to receive either nevirapine at 200 mg twice daily (n = 256) or efavirenz at 600 mg daily (n = 270), both combined with two nucleoside analogues. Blood samples were drawn 12 h after nevirapine or efavirenz administration, while on tuberculosis treatment and after tuberculosis treatment discontinuation. In 62 participants, samples taken 12 h after drug administration were drawn weekly for the first month of ART. Sixteen participants participated in an extensive pharmacokinetic study of nevirapine. Concentrations were compared with the therapeutic ranges of 3000-8000 ng/mL for nevirapine and 1000-4000 ng/mL for efavirenz.
resultsNevirapine concentrations at the end of the first week of treatment (on antituberculosis drugs) did not differ from concentrations off tuberculosis treatment, but declined thereafter. Concentrations at steady-state were 4111 ng/mL at week 12 versus 6095 ng/mL at week 48 (P < 0.0001). Nevirapine concentrations <3000 ng/mL were found to be a risk factor for virological failure. Efavirenz concentrations were higher on than off tuberculosis treatment (2700 versus 2450 ng/mL, P < 0.0001).
conclusionsThe omission of the 2 week lead-in dose of nevirapine prevented low concentrations at treatment initiation but did not prevent the risk of virological failure. Results support the WHO recommendation to use efavirenz at 600 mg daily in patients on rifampicin-based antituberculosis therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.