ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2014
Socio-ecological factors associated with depression, suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among female injection drug users who are sex workers in China.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mental health problems among female sex workers in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Urban-rural inequalities in suicide among elderly people in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal for equity in health · 2019Pooled it
- Social network and HIV risk behaviors in female sex workers: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Using Machine Learning to Predict Depression among Adolescents Living with HIV in Uganda.Global social welfare : research, policy & practice · 2026Article
- Profile of risk factors for people who inject drugs among a sample at high risk of HIV/AIDS in Kigali, Rwanda.Advances in drug and alcohol research · 2026Article
- The Multiple Perspectives Approach to Understanding Sexual-Economic Exchange.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Review
- Drug-related stigma among people who inject drugs - development and validation of the drug use stigma scale (DUSS).PloS one · 2025Article
- Socio-ecological factors associated with probable depression among pregnant and parenting adolescent girls: findings from a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso and Malawi.Reproductive health · 2023Article
- Mental health and HIV risk differs by co-occurring structural vulnerabilities among women who sell sex.AIDS care · 2023Article
- External resilience in the context of drug use and socio-structural vulnerabilities: a qualitative exploration among women who use drugs and sell sex in Baltimore, Maryland.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Suicidal ideation and attempt and associated factors among patients with substance use disorder: institution-based cross-sectional study.BJPsych open · 2022Article
- Intersections of Sex Work, Mental Ill-Health, IPV and Other Violence Experienced by Female Sex Workers: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Community-Centric National Study in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Correlates of Suicidality Among A Community-Based Cohort of Women Sex Workers: The Protective Effect of Social Cohesion.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2021Article
- Mindfulness, Mental Health and HIV Outcomes Among Female Sex Workers in the Dominican Republic and Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Construct Validity of the Internalized Sex Work Stigma Scale among a Cohort of Cisgender Female Sex Workers in Baltimore, Maryland, United States.Journal of sex research · 2021Article
- Prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in South Western Uganda.AIDS care · 2019Article
- The moderating effect of psychedelics on the prospective relationship between prescription opioid use and suicide risk among marginalized women.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2018Article
- Prevalence and correlates of probable depression and post-traumatic stress disorder among female sex workers in Lilongwe, Malawi.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2018Article
- Burden and correlates of mental health diagnoses among sex workers in an urban setting.BMC women's health · 2017Article
- Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Rural China.AIDS and behavior · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFemale injection drug users who are also sex workers (FSW-IDUs) occupy a pivotal population in HIV transmission, whereas their mental health problems are largely overlooked. We aimed to investigate prevalence and associated socio-ecological factors of depression, suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts among FSW-IDUs in China.
methodsUsing snowball sampling methods, 200 FSW-IDUs were recruited from communities in Liuzhou, China. Anonymous face-to-face interviews were administered by trained doctors.
resultsThirty-nine percent of participants had severe or extremely severe depression, 44.7% had suicidal ideation in the last six months and 26.8% had suicidal attempts in the last six months. After adjusting for background variables, self-stigma was significantly associated with severe or extremely severe depression (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.07-1.31). Self-stigma (OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15), depression (OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18), having completely broken up with family (OR=2.60, 95% CI: 1.35-5.02) and having been abused by clients or gatekeepers (OR=2.15, 95% CI: 1.32-3.50) were associated with suicidal ideation in the last six months, while self-stigma (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.10-1.16), depression (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.20) and being abused by clients or gatekeepers (OR=2.15, 95% CI: 1.09-4.24) were associated with suicidal attempt in the last six months. In mediation analyses, the associations between self-stigma and the two suicidal outcomes were fully mediated by depression.
conclusionsThere are unmet mental health needs of FSW-IDUs. Screening of mental health problems should be integrated into current HIV-related services. Psychological intervention efforts should include components such as self-stigma, family support and abuse.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.