ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2015
Potent immune responses in rhesus macaques induced by nonviral delivery of a self-amplifying RNA vaccine expressing HIV type 1 envelope with a cationic nanoemulsion.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and Characterization of a Stable Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Using Impingement Jet Mixing and Lyophilization Techniques.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- From genetic code to global health: the impact of nucleic acid vaccines on disease prevention and treatment.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- The advent of clinical self-amplifying RNA vaccines.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Nanoemulsions Based Therapeutic Strategies: Enhancing Targeted Drug Delivery against Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- The Current Status, Hotspots, and Development Trends of Nanoemulsions: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Review
- mRNA-based HIV-1 vaccines.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Enhancing broadly neutralising antibody suppression of HIV by immune modulation and vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Nanoparticle technology for mRNA: Delivery strategy, clinical application and developmental landscape.Theranostics · 2024Review
- mRNA vaccines: a new era in vaccine development.Oncology research · 2024Review
- Lipid carriers for mRNA delivery.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- Review
- Lipid-Based Delivery Systems in Development of Genetic and Subunit Vaccines.Molecular biotechnology · 2023Review
- Biodegradable Polyester Nanoparticle Vaccines Deliver Self-Amplifying mRNA in Mice at Low Doses.Advanced therapeutics · 2023Article
- Self-Amplifying RNA Vaccine Candidates: Alternative Platforms for mRNA Vaccine Development.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Nanotechnology-based mRNA vaccines.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2023Article
- The Effect of Treatment-Associated Mutations on HIV Replication and Transmission Cycles.Viruses · 2022Review
- Developing New Tools to Fight Human Pathogens: A Journey through the Advances in RNA Technologies.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Self-Amplifying RNA Approach for Protein Replacement Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- mRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Targeting Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Self-amplifying messenger RNA (mRNA) of positive-strand RNA viruses are effective vectors for in situ expression of vaccine antigens and have potential as a new vaccine technology platform well suited for global health applications. The SAM vaccine platform is based on a synthetic, self-amplifying mRNA delivered by a nonviral delivery system. The safety and immunogenicity of an HIV SAM vaccine encoding a clade C envelope glycoprotein formulated with a cationic nanoemulsion (CNE) delivery system was evaluated in rhesus macaques. The HIV SAM vaccine induced potent cellular immune responses that were greater in magnitude than those induced by self-amplifying mRNA packaged in a viral replicon particle (VRP) or by a recombinant HIV envelope protein formulated with MF59 adjuvant, anti-envelope binding (including anti-V1V2), and neutralizing antibody responses that exceeded those induced by the VRP vaccine. These studies provide the first evidence in nonhuman primates that HIV vaccination with a relatively low dose (50 µg) of formulated self-amplifying mRNA is safe and immunogenic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.