ArticleAIDS and behavior2015
Psychosocial and Neurohormonal Predictors of HIV Disease Progression (CD4 Cells and Viral Load): A 4 Year Prospective Study.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- The benefits of yoga for people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Complementary therapies in clinical practice · 2019Pooled it
- The Factorial Structure, Reliability, and Validity of a Coping Measure Among Women with HIV and Sexual Trauma in Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- A 4-session written emotional disclosure intervention lowers 6-month sympathoadrenal urinary output in persons living with HIV.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Trial
- The longitudinal association between depression, anxiety symptoms and HIV outcomes, and the modifying effect of alcohol dependence among ART clients with hazardous alcohol use in Vietnam.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Recent stimulant use and leukocyte gene expression in methamphetamine users with treated HIV infection.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Trial
- Cognitive behavioural therapy for adherence and depression in patients with HIV: a three-arm randomised controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2016Trial
- Differentiating Exposure From Consequence: A Longitudinal Examination of Trauma and Posttraumatic Distress in a Public HIV Care Clinic.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Resilience, and Personality Traits as Independent Correlates of Perceived Treatment Management Abilities in Middle-Aged and Older People Living with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- The Role of Yoga in HIV Care: A Narrative Review.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2026Review
- Depression, anxiety, and psychiatric morbidity in Ethiopian immigrants living with HIV.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Effects of intimate partner violence and homophobic bullying on ART adherence among young Thai men who have sex with men: a causal mediation analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Article
- Effects of intimate partner violence and homophobic bullying on ART adherence among young Thai men who have sex with men: a causal mediation analysis.Research square · 2023Article
- Praying for People You Know Predicts Survival over 17 Years Among People Living with HIV in the U.S.Journal of religion and health · 2022Article
- A New Attitude Towards Treatment Measure Predicts Survival Over 17 Years.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Neuropathogenesis of HIV and emerging therapeutic targets.Expert opinion on therapeutic targets · 2022Review
- The relationship of hair glucocorticoid levels to immunological and virological outcomes in a large cohort of combination antiretroviral therapy treated people living with HIV.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- The Effect of COVID-19 Outbreak on Older Adults' Hopelessness, Loneliness and Spiritual Well-Being in Turkey.Journal of religion and health · 2022Article
- Depression and associated factors among HIV-positive youths attending antiretroviral therapy clinics in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Most studies of psychosocial predictors of disease progression in HIV have not considered norepinephrine (NE), a neurohormone related to emotion and stress, even though NE has been related to accelerated viral replication in vitro and impaired response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). We therefore examined NE, cortisol, depression, hopelessness, coping, and life event stress as predictors of HIV progression in a diverse sample. Participants (n = 177) completed psychological assessment, blood draws [CD4, viral load (VL)], and a 15 h urine sample (NE, cortisol) every 6 months over 4 years. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to model slope in CD4 and VL controlling for ART at every time point, gender, age, race, SES, and initial disease status. NE (as well as depression, hopelessness, and avoidant coping) significantly predicted a greater rate of decrease in CD4 and increase in VL. Cortisol was not significantly related to CD4, but predicted VL increase. To our knowledge, this is the first study relating NE, in vivo, to accelerated disease progression over an extended time. It also extends our previous 2 year study by relating depressed mood and coping to accelerated disease progression over 4 years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.