ArticlePloS one2014
Coverage and timing of children's vaccination: an evaluation of the expanded programme on immunisation in The Gambia.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04029454 (Neovac 2 Burkina Faso), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neovac 2 Burkina Faso: Impact of the Integration of Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Into the Infant Immunization Schedule: a Mixed Methods Study Including a Cluster-randomized Trial, an Anthropological Study and an Economic Evaluation
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Vaccination timeliness and delay in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the literature, 2007-2017.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Pooled it
- Effect of vaccine reminder and tracker bracelets on routine childhood immunization coverage and timeliness in urban Pakistan (2017-18): a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2020Trial
- Determinants of delayed or incomplete diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccination in parallel urban and rural birth cohorts of 30,956 infants in Tanzania.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Article
- Timely vaccination with valid doses in a high coverage country, Oman.BMC public health · 2025Article
- [Vaccination coverage and delay in 2019 and 2020 birth cohorts: household survey in Cubatão, São Paulo State, Brazil].Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Article
- Starting then stopping: a nationwide register-based study on the magnitude, predictors, and urban-rural patterns of under-vaccination variation across health centers in The Gambia.Global health action · 2024Article
- The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH)Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Timely Vaccination and Its Associated Factors Among Parents With Children Aged From 0 to 23 Months in Wolaita Zone Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2024: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Global pediatric health · 2024Article
- An assessment of the effectiveness of an electronic wristband in improving routine immunization timeliness and reducing drop-out.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Predictors of timeliness of vaccination among children of age 12-23 months in Boricha district, Sidama region Ethiopia, in 2019.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Verbal autopsy analysis of childhood deaths in rural Gambia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
- Risk factors associated with non-vaccination in Gambian children: a population-based cohort study.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2022Article
- Determinants of pentavalent and measles vaccination dropouts among children aged 12-23 months in The Gambia.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Timeliness of routine childhood vaccination in 103 low-and middle-income countries, 1978-2021: A scoping review to map measurement and methodological gaps.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Vaccination timeliness and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Debre Libanos district of North Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Healthcare Seeking and Access to Care for Pneumonia, Sepsis, Meningitis, and Malaria in Rural Gambia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Article
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in The Gambia: health impact, cost effectiveness and budget implications.BMJ global health · 2021Article
- Disregarding the restrictive vial-opening policy for BCG vaccine in Guinea-Bissau: impact and cost-effectiveness for tuberculosis mortality and all-cause mortality in children aged 0-4 years.BMJ global health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the coverage and timeliness of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in The Gambia.
methodsVaccination data were obtained between January 2005 and December 2012 from the Farafenni Health and Demographic Surveillance System (FHDSS), the Basse Health and Demographic Surveillance System (BHDSS), the Kiang West Demographic surveillance system (KWDSS), a cluster survey in the more urban Western Health Region (WR) and a cross sectional study in four clinics in the semi-urban Greater Banjul area of WR. Kaplan-Meier survival function was used to estimate the proportion vaccinated by age and to assess timeliness to vaccination.
findingsBCG vaccine uptake was over 95% in all regions. Coverage of DPT1 ranged from 93.2% in BHDSS to 99.8% in the WR. Coverage decreased with increasing number of DPT doses; DPT3 coverage ranged from 81.7% in BHDSS to 99.0% in WR. Measles vaccination coverage ranged from 83.3% in BHDSS to 97.0% in WR. DPT4 booster coverage was low and ranged from 43.9% in the WR to 82.8% in KWDSS. Across all regions, delaying on previous vaccinations increased the likelihood of being delayed for the subsequent vaccination.
conclusionsThe Gambia health system achieves high vaccine coverage in the first year of life. However, there continues to be a delay to vaccination which may impact on the introduction of new vaccines. Examples of effectively functioning EPI programmes such as The Gambia one may well be important models for other low income countries struggling to achieve high routine vaccination coverage.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.