ArticleNature immunology2014
Nonspecific effects of neonatal and infant vaccination: public-health, immunological and conceptual challenges.
Article in Nature immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Timing of Vaccination With the Non-live DTaP-IPV-Hib Vaccine and Development of Atopic Dermatitis Before 1 Year of Age - a Danish Register Based Cohort Study
Using BCG Vaccine to Enhance Non-specific Protection of Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Randomized Controlled Multi-center Trial
BCG Vaccine to Reduce Unplanned Absenteeism Due to Illness of Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Multi-center Randomised Controlled Trial (BCG-COVID-RCT)
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of influenza vaccine in reducing the severity of clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Non-specific immunological effects of selected routine childhood immunisations: systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2016Pooled it
- Association of BCG, DTP, and measles containing vaccines with childhood mortality: systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2016Pooled it
- Bacterial Mucosal Immunotherapy with MV130 Prevents Recurrent Wheezing in Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Trial
- Phase 2 Placebo-Controlled Trial of Two Vaccines to Prevent Ebola in Liberia.The New England journal of medicine · 2017Trial
- Route of BCG administration determines success.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- A mother's touch: microbial guardians of early immune imprinting.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Interactions between Innate Immune Memory and the Central Nervous System.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- Population preventable fraction of total multiple sclerosis risk associated with non-specific effects of vaccinations against hepatitis B virus and influenza A and B viruses in a middle eastern country.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Characterizing the interactions between influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses and their implications for epidemic control.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Sarcoidosis rates in BCG-vaccinated and unvaccinated young adults: A natural experiment using Danish registers.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2023Article
- Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Are Protective Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations in Infants: A Population-Based Observational Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Sex-Differential and Non-specific Effects of Vaccines Over the Life Course.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Review
- The BCG Moreau Vaccine Upregulates In Vitro the Expression of TLR4, B7-1, Dectin-1 and EP2 on Human Monocytes.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Fighting Tuberculosis: In Search of a BCG Replacement.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Review
- Protecting the Offspring, the Gift of Maternal Immunization: Current Status and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Sex-differential non-specific effects of adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted rabies vaccines versus placebo on all-cause mortality in dogs (NERVE-Dog study): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial with a nested case-control study.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- The immune response to COVID-19: Does sex matter?Immunology · 2022Review
- Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccines can have nonspecific effects through their modulation of responses to infections not specifically targeted by the vaccine. However, lack of knowledge about the underlying immunological mechanisms and molecular cause-and-effect relationships prevent use of this potentially powerful early-life intervention to its greatest benefit. The World Health Organization has identified investigations into the molecular basis of nonspecific vaccine effects as a research priority.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25232810What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.