ArticlePsychopharmacology2015
Anxiolytic effects of ketamine in animal models of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05209217 (Open Study of the Neurobiological Effects of Intranasal Ketamine in Children and Adults With Bipolar Disorder - Fear of Harm Phenotype), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Open Study of the Neurobiological Effects of Intranasal Ketamine in Children and Adults With Bipolar Disorder - Fear of Harm Phenotype
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ketamine in psychiatry: a systematic review of clinical applications, safety considerations, and emerging challenges.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Molecular pathways of ketamine: A systematic review of immediate and sustained effects on PTSD.Psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of SSRIs on fear learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychopharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Anesthetics as emerging therapeutics for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): bridging bench and bedside.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- The NMDA receptor subunit GluN2D is a potential target for rapid antidepressant action.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Effects of subanesthetic dose of ketamine on motor and cognitive outcomes of harmaline-induced essential tremor model: a focus on Lingo-1 and inflammatory pathways.BMC neuroscience · 2025Article
- GABALAGEN Alleviates Stress-Induced Sleep Disorders in Rats.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Combined Effects of Nasal Ketamine and Trauma-Focused Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Case Series.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The role of mGluR5 on the therapeutic effects of ketamine in Wistar rats.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: the role of the amygdala and potential therapeutic interventions - a review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Review
- Comparison between cannabidiol and sertraline for the modulation of post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviors and fear memory in mice.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- S-Ketamine Pretreatment Alleviates Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Mechanical Allodynia and Blocks the Pro-inflammatory Response in Striatum and Periaqueductal Gray From a Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Model.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Antidepressant-like effects of Z-ligustilide on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in rats.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Intra-prefrontal cyclosporine potentiates ketamine-induced fear extinction in rats.Experimental brain research · 2021Article
- BDNF Protein and BDNF mRNA Expression of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Amygdala, and Hippocampus during Situational Reminder in the PTSD Animal Model.Behavioural neurology · 2021Article
- Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors on Depression-Like Behavior in a Laser-Induced Shock Wave Model.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Anti-PTSD Effects of Hypidone Hydrochloride (YL-0919): A Novel Combined Selective 5-HT Reuptake Inhibitor/5-HTFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Rodent models of post-traumatic stress disorder: behavioral assessment.Translational psychiatry · 2020Review
- Sexually Dimorphic Behavioral Profile in a Transgenic Model Enabling Targeted Recombination in Active Neurons in Response to Ketamine and (2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine Administration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, in alleviating the enhanced anxiety and fear response in both a mouse model of PTSD induced by inescapable electric foot shocks and a rat model of PTSD induced by a time-dependent sensitization (TDS) procedure. First, we evaluated the effect of ketamine on behavioral deficits in a mouse model of PTSD that consisted of foot shocks followed by three situational reminders. Our results showed that the aversive procedure induced several behavioral deficiencies, such as increased freezing behavior and anxiety, as well as reduced time spent in an aversive-like context, which were reversed by repeated treatment with ketamine. The effect of ketamine on behavioral changes after exposure to TDS was also investigated, and the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus were measured. The results revealed that after TDS, the rats showed a significant increase in contextual freezing and a decrease in the percentage of time spent in and numbers of entries into open arms in the elevated plus maze test. As a positive control drug, sertraline (Ser, 15 mg/kg, i.g.), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) ameliorated these behavioral deficits. These behavioral effects were mimicked by chronic ketamine treatment. Furthermore, ketamine normalized the decreased BDNF level in the hippocampus in post-TDS rats. Taken together, these results suggest that ketamine exerts a therapeutic effect on PTSD that might be at least partially mediated by an influence on BDNF signaling in the hippocampus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.