Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2014
Patterns and correlates of PrEP drug detection among MSM and transgender women in the Global iPrEx Study.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Substance Use and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Studies Enrolling Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Substance Use and HIV Risk Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Africa: A Systematic Review.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of oral HIV preexposure prophylaxis for all populations.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Pooled it
- HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Tenofovir Alafenamide Combination Preexposure Prophylaxis Versus Placebo.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Using the adherence-efficacy relationship of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to calculate background hiv incidence: a secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Short- and Long-Term Pharmacologic Measures of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use Among High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men in HPTN 067/ADAPT.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Predictors of Long-Term HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence After Study Participation in Men Who Have Sex With Men.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Comparing pharmacologic measures of tenofovir exposure in a U.S. pre-exposure prophylaxis randomized trial.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Sexual Behaviors Linked to Drug and Alcohol Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China.Substance use & misuse · 2016Trial
- Divergent adherence estimates with pharmacokinetic and behavioural measures in the MTN-003 (VOICE) study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Trial
- Hypothetical Preferences and Concerns for Long-Acting Injectable HIV PrEP Use Among Female Barmaids in Ubungo, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to AIDS amongst transgender women in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Psychological and Behavioural Within-participant Predictors of Adherence to Oral HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP).AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Estimating benefits of using on-demand oral prep by MSM: A comparative modeling study of the US and Thailand.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Modeling the potential impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among men who have sex with men in Cameroon.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Primary case inference in viral outbreaks through analysis of intra-host variant population.BMC bioinformatics · 2022Article
- Age Is Associated With HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Trans Women in Los Angeles County.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2021Article
- Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV Infection in Cisgender and Transgender Women in the U.S.: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Review
- Sharing Objective Measures of Adherence to a Vaginal Microbicide Promotes Candor About Actual Use and Bolsters Motivation to Prevent HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 14 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is critical for efficacy. Antiretroviral concentrations are an objective measure of PrEP use and correlate with efficacy. Understanding patterns and correlates of drug detection can identify populations at risk for nonadherence and inform design of PrEP adherence interventions.
methodsBlood antiretroviral concentrations were assessed among active arm participants in iPrEx, a randomized placebo-controlled trial of emtricitabine/tenofovir in men who have sex with men and transgender women in 6 countries. We evaluated rates and correlates of drug detection among a random sample of 470 participants at week 8 and a longitudinal cohort of 303 participants through 72 weeks of follow-up.
resultsOverall, 55% of participants (95% confidence interval: 49 to 60) tested at week 8 had drug detected. Drug detection was associated with older age and varied by study site. In longitudinal analysis, 31% never had drug detected, 30% always had drug detected, and 39% had an inconsistent pattern. Overall detection rates declined over time. Drug detection at some or all visits was associated with older age, indices of sexual risk, including condomless receptive anal sex, and responding "don't know" to a question about belief of PrEP efficacy (0-10 scale).
conclusionsDistinct patterns of study product use were identified, with a significant proportion demonstrating no drug detection at any visit. Research literacy may explain greater drug detection among populations having greater research experience, such as older men who have sex with men in the United States. Greater drug detection among those reporting highest risk sexual practices is expected to increase the impact and cost-effectiveness of PrEP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.