ArticlePlant biotechnology journal2015
Algal chloroplast produced camelid VH H antitoxins are capable of neutralizing botulinum neurotoxin.
Article in Plant biotechnology journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression of recombinant Cap antigen of porcine circovirus type 2 in the chloroplast ofFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Charting the state of GEMs in microalgae: progress, challenges, and innovations.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Harnessing the potential of microalgae for the production of monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant proteins.Protoplasma · 2024Review
- Towards green biomanufacturing of high-value recombinant proteins using promising cell factory: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2022Review
- Harnessing the Algal Chloroplast for Heterologous Protein Production.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Oral delivery of a functional algal-expressed TGF-β mimic halts colitis in a murine DSS model.Journal of biotechnology · 2021Article
- Advanced Applications for Protein and Compounds from Microalgae.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Applications of nanobodies in plant science and biotechnology.Plant molecular biology · 2021Review
- A VFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- The Potential of Algal Biotechnology to Produce Antiviral Compounds and Biopharmaceuticals.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Emerging Technologies in Algal Biotechnology: Toward the Establishment of a Sustainable, Algae-Based Bioeconomy.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Review
- Antibodies and Vaccines against Botulinum Toxins: Available Measures and Novel Approaches.Toxins · 2019Review
- Genome analysis and genetic transformation of a water surface-floating microalga Chlorococcum sp. FFG039.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Utilizing genome-scale models to optimize nutrient supply for sustained algal growth and lipid productivity.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2019Article
- Manipulation of the microalgal chloroplast by genetic engineering for biotechnological utilization as a green biofactory.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2018Review
- Prospects on the Use ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- From hybridomas to a robust microalgal-based production platform: molecular design of a diatom secreting monoclonal antibodies directed against the Marburg virus nucleoprotein.Microbial cell factories · 2017Article
- New tools for chloroplast genetic engineering allow the synthesis of human growth hormone in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2016Article
- Selenocystamine improves protein accumulation in chloroplasts of eukaryotic green algae.AMB Express · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have produced three antitoxins consisting of the variable domains of camelid heavy chain-only antibodies (VH H) by expressing the genes in the chloroplast of green algae. These antitoxins accumulate as soluble proteins capable of binding and neutralizing botulinum neurotoxin. Furthermore, they accumulate at up to 5% total soluble protein, sufficient expression to easily produce these antitoxins at scale from algae. The genes for the three different antitoxins were transformed into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplasts and their products purified from algae lysates and assayed for in vitro biological activity using toxin protection assays. The produced antibody domains bind to botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) with similar affinities as camelid antibodies produced in Escherichia coli, and they are similarly able to protect primary rat neurons from intoxication by BoNT/A. Furthermore, the camelid antibodies were produced in algae without the use of solubilization tags commonly employed in E. coli. These camelid antibody domains are potent antigen-binding proteins and the heterodimer fusion protein containing two VH H domains was capable of neutralizing BoNT/A at near equimolar concentrations with the toxin. Intact antibody domains were detected in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of mice treated orally with antitoxin-producing microalgae. These findings support the use of orally delivered antitoxins produced in green algae as a novel treatment for botulism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.