ReviewFrontiers in systems neuroscience2014
Environmental enrichment and the sensory brain: the role of enrichment in remediating brain injury.
Review in Frontiers in systems neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03256643 (Cognitive and Physical Effects of Exercise or Exercise With Enrichment on People With TBI), which is not on this map. Cited by 56 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cognitive and Physical Effects of Exercise or Exercise With Enrichment on People With TBI
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effects of environmental enrichment in infants with or at high risk of cerebral palsy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of Multimodal Sensory Therapy in Adult Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.Neuropsychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Training Executive, Attention, and Motor Skills (TEAMS): a Preliminary Randomized Clinical Trial of Preschool Youth with ADHD.Journal of abnormal child psychology · 2020Trial
- Experiences from a multimodal rhythm and music-based rehabilitation program in late phase of stroke recovery - A qualitative study.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Complex Three-Dimensional Rearing Environments Amplify Compensatory Plasticity Following Early Blindness.eNeuro · 2026Article
- Virtual reality environmental enrichment effects on heart rate variability in healthy volunteers.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- The impact of housing and high-fructose diet on behavior and cardiovascular response to eucalyptus wildfire smoke in WKY rats.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A · 2026Article
- Environmental enrichment as a mitochondria-targeting systems strategy across neurodegenerative diseases and retinal dystrophies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- A Personal Scientific Journey in Ophthalmology: Twenty-Five Years of Translating Research into Novel Therapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Differential effects of sound repetition rate on auditory cortex development and behavior in fragile X syndrome mouse model.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- Environmental enrichment: a neurostimulatory approach to aging and ischemic stroke recovery and rehabilitation.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Cognitive enrichment improves spatial memory and alters hippocampal synaptic connectivity in a mouse model for early-life stress.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Pre-operative environmental enrichment does not yield a prophylactic effect against traumatic brain injury-induced neurobehavioral deficits.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- HEPChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Perioperative enriched environment attenuates postoperative cognitive dysfunction by upregulating microglia TREM2 via PI3K/Akt pathway in mouse model of ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Fractal Phototherapy in Maximizing Retina and Brain Plasticity.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Article
- Passive exposure to task-relevant stimuli enhances categorization learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Semi-natural housing rescues social behavior and reduces repetitive exploratory behavior of BTBR autistic-like mice.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The brain's life-long capacity for experience-dependent plasticity allows adaptation to new environments or to changes in the environment, and to changes in internal brain states such as occurs in brain damage. Since the initial discovery by Hebb (1947) that environmental enrichment (EE) was able to confer improvements in cognitive behavior, EE has been investigated as a powerful form of experience-dependent plasticity. Animal studies have shown that exposure to EE results in a number of molecular and morphological alterations, which are thought to underpin changes in neuronal function and ultimately, behavior. These consequences of EE make it ideally suited for investigation into its use as a potential therapy after neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this review, we aim to first briefly discuss the effects of EE on behavior and neuronal function, followed by a review of the underlying molecular and structural changes that account for EE-dependent plasticity in the normal (uninjured) adult brain. We then extend this review to specifically address the role of EE in the treatment of experimental TBI, where we will discuss the demonstrated sensorimotor and cognitive benefits associated with exposure to EE, and their possible mechanisms. Finally, we will explore the use of EE-based rehabilitation in the treatment of human TBI patients, highlighting the remaining questions regarding the effects of EE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.