ArticleGenome biology2014
DNA demethylases target promoter transposable elements to positively regulate stress responsive genes in Arabidopsis.
Article in Genome biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers.
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134 citing papers in PubMed, 277 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Underpinning Biotic Stress Resilience ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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- Molecular mechanisms and biological functions of active DNA demethylation in plants.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- The Good, the Bad, and the Epigenetic: Stress-Induced Metabolite Regulation and Transgenerational Effects.Epigenomes · 2025Review
- DNA Demethylase ROS1 Interferes with DNA Methylation and Activates Stress Response Genes in Plants Infected with Beet Severe Curly Top Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Genome-wide DNA methylation dynamics at "heading" stage of panicle and flag leaf in contrasting rice cultivars under field drought conditions.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance during plant evolution and breeding.Trends in plant science · 2024Review
- DNA Methylation Dynamics in Response to Drought Stress in Crops.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Epigenetic weapons of plants against fungal pathogens.BMC plant biology · 2024Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDNA demethylases regulate DNA methylation levels in eukaryotes. Arabidopsis encodes four DNA demethylases, DEMETER (DME), REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1 (ROS1), DEMETER-LIKE 2 (DML2), and DML3. While DME is involved in maternal specific gene expression during seed development, the biological function of the remaining DNA demethylases remains unclear.
resultsWe show that ROS1, DML2, and DML3 play a role in fungal disease resistance in Arabidopsis. A triple DNA demethylase mutant, rdd (ros1 dml2 dml3), shows increased susceptibility to the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. We identify 348 genes differentially expressed in rdd relative to wild type, and a significant proportion of these genes are downregulated in rdd and have functions in stress response, suggesting that DNA demethylases maintain or positively regulate the expression of stress response genes required for F. oxysporum resistance. The rdd-downregulated stress response genes are enriched for short transposable element sequences in their promoters. Many of these transposable elements and their surrounding sequences show localized DNA methylation changes in rdd, and a general reduction in CHH methylation, suggesting that RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM), responsible for CHH methylation, may participate in DNA demethylase-mediated regulation of stress response genes. Many of the rdd-downregulated stress response genes are downregulated in the RdDM mutants nrpd1 and nrpe1, and the RdDM mutants nrpe1 and ago4 show enhanced susceptibility to F. oxysporum infection.
conclusionsOur results suggest that a primary function of DNA demethylases in plants is to regulate the expression of stress response genes by targeting promoter transposable element sequences.
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