ArticleLearning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)2014
The effect of insulin and insulin-like growth factors on hippocampus- and amygdala-dependent long-term memory formation.
Article in Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distribution and Levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 Receptor Across Mouse Brain Cell Types.Receptors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Increased DNA methylation of Igf2 in the male hippocampus regulates age-related deficits in synaptic plasticity and memory.Brain research bulletin · 2025Article
- Insulin-like growth factor 2 reduces Huntington's disease aggregates via AKT and NF-κB signaling in huntington's disease.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Reverses Synaptic and Cognitive Deficits in Fetal Growth Restriction Mice.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Astrocytes of the hippocampus and responses to periprandial neuroendocrine hormones.Physiology & behavior · 2025Review
- Adrenomedullin 2 attenuates anxiety-like behaviors by increasing IGF-II in amygdala and re-establishing blood-brain barrier.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Premature cognitive decline in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis.Aging cell · 2024Article
- Local autocrine plasticity signaling in single dendritic spines by insulin-like growth factors.Science advances · 2023Article
- Cardiometabolic health, menopausal estrogen therapy and the brain: How effects of estrogens diverge in healthy and unhealthy preclinical models of aging.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Insulin-like growth factor-2 is a promising candidate for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Review
- IGF2 in memory, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases.Trends in neurosciences · 2023Review
- An Overview of In Vitro Assays ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Uncovering novel regulators of memory using C. elegans genetic and genomic analysis.Biochemical Society transactions · 2023Review
- Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis to investigate the mechanism of intranasal insulin treatment in a rat model of vascular dementia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Stereological Evidence of Non-Selective Hippocampal Neurodegeneration, IGF-1 Depletion, and Behavioral Deficit following Short Term Bilateral Adrenalectomy in Wistar Rats.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Three Tiers to biological escape velocity: The quest to outwit aging.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2022Review
- Diabetes and associated cognitive disorders: Role of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal axis.Metabolism open · 2022Review
- Review
- Time-restricted feeding entrains long-term behavioral changes through the IGF2-KCC2 pathway.iScience · 2022Article
- Insulin-like growth factor 2 and autophagy gene expression alteration arise as potential biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent work has reported that the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) promotes memory enhancement. Furthermore, impaired insulin or IGF1 functions have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments, hence implicating the insulin/IGF system as an important target for cognitive enhancement and/or the development of novel treatments against cognitive disorders. Here, we tested the effect of intracerebral injections of IGF1, IGF2, or insulin on memory consolidation and persistence in rats. We found that a bilateral injection of insulin into the dorsal hippocampus transiently enhances hippocampal-dependent memory and an injection of IGF1 has no effect. None of the three peptides injected into the amygdala affected memories critically engaging this region. Together with previous data on IGF2, these results indicate that IGF2 produces the most potent and persistent effect as a memory enhancer on hippocampal-dependent memories. We suggest that the memory-enhancing effects of insulin and IGF2 are likely mediated by distinct mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.