Observational studyAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2014
Asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy exhibit impaired lung CD4(+) T-cell responses to mycobacteria.
Observational study in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent pneumococcal colonisation in antiretroviral-treated HIV infection is associated with nasal inflammation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Alveolar macrophages from persons with HIV mount impaired TNF signaling networks to M. tuberculosis infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Inflammatory profiles in sputum and blood of people with TB with and without HIV coinfection.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2025Article
- Dysfunctional bronchoalveolar effector memory CD8iScience · 2024Article
- Uncovering the Bronchoalveolar Single-Cell Landscape of Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coinfection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Review
- Systems biology approaches to investigate the role of granulomas in TB-HIV coinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Single cell analysis of M. tuberculosis phenotype and macrophage lineages in the infected lung.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Article
- Th22 Cells Are a Major Contributor to the Mycobacterial CD4Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Expression of MicroRNAs Is Dysregulated by HIV WhileFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Contrasting Inflammatory Signatures in Peripheral Blood and Bronchoalveolar Cells Reveal Compartment-Specific Effects of HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- HIV and the Macrophage: From Cell Reservoirs to Drug Delivery to Viral Eradication.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2019Review
- Palliative care guidelines for the management of HIV-infected people in South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2019Article
- Airway CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Dysregulation of the Immune System in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients According to Liver Stiffness Status.Cells · 2018Article
- Alveolar T-helper 17 responses to streptococcus pneumoniae are preserved in ART-untreated and treated HIV-infected Malawian adults.The Journal of infection · 2018Article
- Effect of HIV on the Frequency and Number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4+ T Cells in Blood and Airways During Latent M. tuberculosis Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Dysregulation of Alveolar Macrophage PPARγ, NADPH Oxidases, and TGFβAIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- HIV-associated disruption of lung cytokine networks is incompletely restored in asymptomatic HIV-infected Malawian adults on antiretroviral therapy.ERJ open research · 2017Article
- Anaerobic Bacterial Fermentation Products Increase Tuberculosis Risk in Antiretroviral-Drug-Treated HIV Patients.Cell host & microbe · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleHIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain at higher risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) than HIV-uninfected individuals. This increased susceptibility may be caused by impairment of alveolar macrophage (AM) function and/or mycobacteria-specific alveolar CD4(+) T-cell responses observed in HIV-infected ART-naive adults.
objectivesTo determine whether ART was associated with improvement in both AM function, assessed by phagosomal proteolysis, and alveolar CD4(+) T-cell responses to Mycobacterium in HIV-infected individuals.
methodsPeripheral blood was drawn and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed on healthy, 35 HIV-uninfected, 25 HIV-infected ART-naive, and 50 HIV-infected ART-treated asymptomatic adults. Phagosomal proteolysis of AM was assessed with fluorogenic beads. Mycobacteria-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses were measured by intracellular cytokine staining. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsHIV-infected adults on ART exhibited lower plasma HIV viral load and higher blood CD4(+) T-cell count than ART-naive adults. AM proteolysis and total mycobacteria-specific Th1 CD4(+) T-cell responses in individuals on ART for greater than or equal to 4 years were similar to HIV-uninfected control subjects but those on ART for less than 4 years had impaired responses. Total influenza-specific alveolar Th1 CD4(+) T-cell responses were intact in all individuals receiving ART. In contrast, BAL and blood mycobacteria-specific polyfunctional CD4(+) T-cell responses were impaired in adults on ART irrespective of duration.
conclusionsAM and mycobacteria-specific alveolar CD4(+) T-cell responses in HIV-infected adults on ART for less than 4 years are impaired and may partly explain the high risk of TB in HIV-infected individuals on ART. Strategies to augment ART to improve lung immune cell function and reduce the high incidence of TB in HIV-infected adults who initiate ART should be investigated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.