Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25225906›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2014

Cytoreductive surgery in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy improves survival in patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases compared with systemic chemotherapy alone.

R Mirnezami, A M Mehta, K Chandrakumaran, T Cecil, B J Moran, N Carr, V J Verwaal, F Mohamed, A H Mirnezami

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Catheter based intraperitoneal chemotherapy using taxane for peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer: from bench to bedside-a narrative review.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026
    Review
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  13. Intraperitoneal infusion of NKG2D CAR-NK cells induces endogenous CD8Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

R MirnezamiSection of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, 10th Floor QEQM Building, London W2 1NY, UK.
A M MehtaPeritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands.
K ChandrakumaranPeritoneal Malignancy Institute, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, UK.
T CecilPeritoneal Malignancy Institute, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, UK.
B J MoranPeritoneal Malignancy Institute, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, UK.
N CarrPeritoneal Malignancy Institute, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, UK.
V J VerwaalPeritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands.
F MohamedPeritoneal Malignancy Institute, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 9NA, UK.
A H MirnezamiUniversity of Southampton Cancer Sciences Division, Southampton University Hospital NHS Trust, Somers Cancer Research Building, Tremona road, Southampton SO166YD, UK.
Southampton General Hospital · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK C28503/A10013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundColorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis (CPM) confers an exceptionally poor prognosis, and traditional treatment involving systemic chemotherapy (SC) is largely ineffective. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is increasingly advocated for selected patients with CPM; however, opinions are divided because of the perceived lack of evidence, high morbidity, mortality, and associated costs for this approach. As there is no clear consensus, the aim of this study was to compare outcomes following CRS+HIPEC vs SC alone for CPM using meta-analytical methodology, focusing on survival outcomes. Secondary outcomes assessed included morbidity, mortality, quality of life (QOL), and health economics (HE).

methodsAn electronic literature search was conducted to identify studies comparing survival following CRS+HIPEC vs SC for CPM. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel method with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) and P-values. Heterogeneity was examined using the Q-statistic and quantified with I(2). The fixed-effect model (FEM) was used in the absence of significant heterogeneity. For included studies, 2- and 5-year survival was compared for CRS+HIPEC vs SC alone.

resultsFour studies (three case-control, one RCT) provided comparative survival data for patients undergoing CRS+HIPEC (n=187) vs SC (n=155) for CPM. Pooled analysis demonstrated superior 2-year (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.72-4.51; P=0.001) and 5-year (OR 4.07; 95% CI 2.17-7.64; P=0.001) survival with CRS+HIPEC compared with SC. Mortality ranged from 0 to 8%. No data were available for the assessment of QOL or HE.

conclusionsAlthough limited by between-study heterogeneity, the data support the assertion that in carefully selected patients, multimodal treatment of CPM with CRS+HIPEC has a highly positive prognostic impact on medium- and long-term survival compared with SC alone. There is a paucity of comparative data available on morbidity, QOL, and HE.

Indexed as

Cytoreduction Surgical ProceduresHyperthermia, InducedAntineoplastic AgentsColorectal NeoplasmsCombined Modality TherapyHumansPeritoneal NeoplasmsAntineoplastic Agents

Identifiers

PMID25225906
PMCPMC4200082
OpenAlexW2068236527

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.