Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25221479›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in systems neuroscience2014

Is there a tape recorder in your head? How the brain stores and retrieves musical melodies.

Josef P Rauschecker

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in systems neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Too Blind to See the Elephant? Why Neuroscientists Ought to Be Interested in Tinnitus.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2021
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Auditory representation of learned sound sequences in motor regions of the macaque brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Where, When, and How: Are they all sensorimotor? Towards a unified view of the dorsal pathway in vision and audition.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2018
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Melodic sound enhances visual awareness of congruent musical notes, but only if you can read music.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015
    Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Josef P RauscheckerDepartment of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC, USA ; Institute for Advanced Studies, Technical University Munich Garching, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Music consists of strings of sound that vary over time. Technical devices, such as tape recorders, store musical melodies by transcribing event times of temporal sequences into consecutive locations on the storage medium. Playback occurs by reading out the stored information in the same sequence. However, it is unclear how the brain stores and retrieves auditory sequences. Neurons in the anterior lateral belt of auditory cortex are sensitive to the combination of sound features in time, but the integration time of these neurons is not sufficient to store longer sequences that stretch over several seconds, minutes or more. Functional imaging studies in humans provide evidence that music is stored instead within the auditory dorsal stream, including premotor and prefrontal areas. In monkeys, these areas are the substrate for learning of motor sequences. It appears, therefore, that the auditory dorsal stream transforms musical into motor sequence information and vice versa, realizing what are known as forward and inverse models. The basal ganglia and the cerebellum are involved in setting up the sensorimotor associations, translating timing information into spatial codes and back again.

Indexed as

auditory dorsal streamauditory objectauditory ventral streambasal gangliaprefrontal cortexpremotor cortexsound sequencetemporal combination sensitivity

Identifiers

PMID25221479
PMCPMC4147715

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.