Trial reportThe American journal of medicine2015
Glycemia and cognitive function in metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease.
Trial report in The American journal of medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00624923 (Targeting Inflammation Using Salsalate in CardioVascular Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Targeting Inflammation Using Salsalate in CardioVascular Disease (TINSAL-CVD)
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutrition and Cognition in Older Adults With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.Journal of gerontological nursing · 2015Pooled it
- Retarded Learning in a Rabbit Model of Metabolic Syndrome Created by Long-Term Feeding of High-Fat Diet and High Sucrose.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Predictor of cognitive impairment: metabolic syndrome or circadian syndrome.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Decline in Cognitive Function: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Verbal Fluency in Metabolic Syndrome.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Perioperative Neurocognitive Screening Tools for At-Risk Surgical Patients.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2022Review
- Increased resting state functional irregularity of T2DM brains with high HbA1c: sign for impaired verbal memory function?Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Article
- Association between diabetes and cognitive function at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA- Brasil).Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Insulin Resistance at the Crossroad of Alzheimer Disease Pathology: A Review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Risk of dementia and cognitive dysfunction in individuals with diabetes or elevated blood glucose.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2019Article
- Factors associated with cognitive impairment in elderly versus nonelderly patients with metabolic syndrome: the different roles of FGF21.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Cognitive function in patients with stable coronary heart disease: Related cerebrovascular and cardiovascular responses.PloS one · 2017Article
- Verbal fluency in elderly with and without hypertension and diabetes from the FIBRA study in Ermelino Matarazzo.Dementia & neuropsychologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHigher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is associated with lower cognitive function in type 2 diabetes. To determine whether associations persist at lower levels of dysglycemia in patients who have established cardiovascular disease, cognitive performance was assessed in the Targeting INflammation Using SALsalate in CardioVascular Disease (TINSAL-CVD) trial.
methodsThe age-adjusted relationships between HbA1c and cognitive performance measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, and Categorical Verbal Fluency were assessed in 226 men with metabolic syndrome and established stable coronary artery disease.
resultsOf the participants, 61.5% had normoglycemia, 20.8% had impaired fasting glucose, and 17.7% had type 2 diabetes. HbA1c was associated with cognitive function tests of Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, and Categorical Verbal Fluency (all P < .02), but not the Mini-Mental State Examination. In an age-adjusted model, a 1% (11 mmol/mol) higher HbA1c value was associated with a 5.9 lower Digit Symbol Substitution Test score (95% confidence interval [CI], -9.58 to -2.21; P < .0001); a 2.44 lower Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test score (95% CI, -4.00 to -0.87; P < .0001); a 15.6 higher Trail Making Test score (95% CI, 5.73 to 25.6; P < .0001); and a 3.71 lower Categorical Verbal Fluency score (95% CI, -6.41 to -1.01; P < .02). In a multivariate model adjusting for age, education, and cardiovascular covariates, HbA1c remained associated with cognitive function tests of Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (R(2) = 0.27, P < .0001), Trail Making Test (R(2) = 0.18, P < .0001), and Categorical Verbal Fluency (R(2) = 0.20, P < .0001), although association with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test was reduced.
conclusionsHigher HbA1c is associated with lower cognitive function performance scores across multiple domain tests in men with metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease. Future studies may demonstrate whether glucose lowering within the normative range improves cognitive health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.