ArticleMayo Clinic proceedings2014
Prevalence of multimorbidity in a geographically defined American population: patterns by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.
Article in Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 250 citations in OpenAlex.
- Household and area-level social determinants of multimorbidity: a systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2021Pooled it
- Resting Energy Expenditure in the Elderly: Systematic Review and Comparison of Equations in an Experimental Population.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Supporting communication of visit information to informal caregivers: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The feasibility of sharing digital audio-recordings of clinic visits online with older adults in primary care settings: A multisite trial.Patient education and counseling · 2025Trial
- Sex Differences in Exercise Capacity and Outcomes Following Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Sensory impairment, activities of daily living, and multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Long-Term Risk of Dementia up to Three Decades After Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Population-Based Cohort Study.The Journal of arthroplasty · 2026Article
- Multimorbidity in Atrial Fibrillation: Impact on Outcomes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Retrospective Analysis of Long-term Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mammographic Breast Cancer Screening.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2026Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Multimorbidity: Insights from a National Claims Administrative Database.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Lifetime and 10-year absolute risk of cognitive impairment in relation to amyloid PET severity: a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study.The Lancet. Neurology · 2025Article
- Comparison of plasma p-tau217/Aβ42, p-tau217, and Aβ42/Aβ40 biomarkers by race to detect Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities and the National Burden of COVID-19 on Inpatient Hospitalizations: A Retrospective Study in the United States in the Year 2020.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Observational
- The Longitudinal Relationship Between Allostatic Load and Multimorbidity Among Older Americans.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Health octo tool matches personalized health with rate of aging.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Relationship between dietary inflammatory index and chronic diseases in older U.S. Adults: NHANES 1999-2018.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Perceived Discrimination Is a Mediator of Rural Identity and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity Among U.S. Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease eligibility for disease modification therapies in a tertiary centre for cognitive disorders: A simultaneous real-word study on aducanumab and lecanemab.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- The evolution of comorbidities in chronic diseases among Chinese middle-aged and elderly people: Evidence from the CHARLS (2015-2020).PloS one · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe the prevalence of multimorbidity involving 20 selected chronic conditions in a geographically defined US population, emphasizing age, sex, and racial/ethnic differences. PATIENTS AND
methodsUsing the Rochester Epidemiology Project records linkage system, we identified all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, on April 1, 2010, and electronically extracted the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes associated with all health care visits made between April 1, 2005, and March 31, 2010 (5-year capture frame). Using these codes, we defined the 20 common chronic conditions recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. We counted only persons who received at least 2 codes for a given condition separated by more than 30 days, and we calculated the age-, sex-, and race/ethnicity-specific prevalence of multimorbidity.
resultsOf the 138,858 study participants, 52.4% were women (n=72,732) and 38.9% had 1 or more conditions (n=54,012), 22.6% had 2 or more conditions (n=31,444), and 4.9% had 5 or more conditions (n=6853). The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥2 conditions) increased steeply with older age and reached 77.3% at 65 years and older. However, the absolute number of people affected by multimorbidity was higher in those younger than 65 years. Although the prevalence of multimorbidity was similar in men and women overall, the most common dyads and triads of conditions varied by sex. Compared with white persons, the prevalence of multimorbidity was slightly higher in black persons and slightly lower in Asian persons.
conclusionMultimorbidity is common in the general population; it increases steeply with older age, has different patterns in men and women, and varies by race/ethnicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.