ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2015
Race/ethnic disparities in early childhood BMI, obesity and overweight in the United Kingdom and United States.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity-Related Comorbidities: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- The CHALO! Study Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Risk of Childhood Dental Caries and Obesity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Trial
- Household Food Insecurity Risk and Weight Status Outcomes in Early Childhood: A Public Health Perspective.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations between screen time and whole-body adiposity during the first decade of life: insights from the GUSTO cohort.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- The causal relationship between family economic, cultural, and social capital and child health in urban and rural China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Overweight prevalence increases from 2 to 8 years of age among children with immigrant background in a Norwegian multiethnic population.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2025Article
- The evolution of nutritional care in children and young people with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a narrative review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Review
- Article
- Childhood Obesity and Its Comorbidities in High-Risk Minority Populations: Prevalence, Prevention and Lifestyle Intervention Guidelines.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Childhood obesity and comorbidities-related perspective and experience of parents from Black and Asian minority ethnicities in England: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- "I am not really into the government telling me what I need to eat": exploring dietary beliefs, knowledge, and practices among ethnically diverse communities in England.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Early-life stress and current stress predict BMI and height growth trajectories in puberty.Developmental psychobiology · 2022Article
- Exposure to Food Marketing via Social Media and Obesity among University Students in Saudi Arabia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Secular trends of the prevalence of emaciation, overweight, and obesity among school-aged children in Yunnan province, 1985-2019: A serial cross-sectional surveillance study in China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Common Determinants of Dental Caries and Obesity in Children: A Multi-Ethnic Nested Birth Cohort Study in the United Kingdom.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The longitudinal association between early-life screen viewing and abdominal adiposity-findings from a multiethnic birth cohort study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Article
- Obesity Kuznets curve and the reality of eco-income ellipsoids (EIE).The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2021Article
- Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Mid-adolescent ethnic variations in overweight prevalence in the UK Millennium Cohort Study.European journal of public health · 2021Article
- Social vulnerabilities as risk factor of childhood obesity development and their role in prevention programs.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveRacial/ethnic patterning in the risk of obesity and overweight has been observed in early childhood; however, little research has compared these disparities between the United Kingdom (UK) and United States (US) using detailed ethnic classifications. We use comparable nationally representative cohort studies to examine racial/ethnic disparities in mean body mass index (BMI) and in the odds of obesity/overweight in the UK and US. The contribution of sociodemographic, cultural and family routine factors are assessed.
methodsData on BMI, obesity and overweight in 5-year-old children from the MCS (Millennium Cohort Study) and ECLS-B (Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort) were examined. We investigated race/ethnic disparities in mean BMI and in the odds of obesity and overweight, as compared to normal weight. We assessed the independent contribution of sociodemographic, cultural and family routine factors to observed disparities.
resultsIn the UK, after adjustment for sociodemographic, cultural and family routine factors and maternal BMI, we found Black Caribbean children to have higher odds ratio (OR=1.7, confidence interval (CI)=1.1-2.6), Pakistani children to have lower odds of obesity (OR=0.60, CI=0.37-0.96) and Black African children were more likely to be overweight (OR=1.40, CI=1.04-1.88). In the US, in fully adjusted models, there were no race/ethnic disparities in children's odds of obesity and overweight.
conclusionDisparities for Bangladeshi children in the UK and Mexican, other Hispanic and American Indian children in the US can be explained by socioeconomic disadvantage, whereas a range of cultural and family characteristics partially explain disparities for other groups in the UK. Future public health initiatives focused on reducing risk of overweight and obesity should consider the diverse socioeconomic and cultural profiles of all race/ethnic groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.