ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2014
Cortisol responses to a group public speaking task for adolescents: variations by age, gender, and race.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Is HPA axis reactivity in childhood gender-specific? A systematic review.Biology of sex differences · 2017Pooled it
- Effects of a group-based compassion microintervention compared to cognitive reappraisal training on cardiovascular, self-reported, and behavioral stress reactivity among young adults: A cluster randomized controlled trial.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Trial
- Association of stress-induced autonomic dysfunction with heart failure in individuals with stable coronary artery disease.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Article
- Dispositional Active Coping Predicts Patterns of Adolescents' Cortisol Responsivity in the Context of School-related Stressors.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53 · 2023Article
- Early childhood lead exposure and adolescent heart rate variability: A longitudinal cohort study.Environmental research · 2022Article
- High-Frequency Heart Rate Variability and Emotion-Driven Impulse Control Difficulties During Adolescence: Examining Experienced and Expressed Negative Emotion as Moderators.The Journal of early adolescence · 2021Article
- Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity in Childhood Predicts Emotional Memory Effects and Related Neural Circuitry in Adolescent Girls.Journal of cognitive neuroscience · 2021Article
- Validation of an online version of the Trier Social Stress Test in a study of adolescents.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2021Article
- Examining the role of ethnic microaggressions and ethnicity on cortisol responses to an acute stressor among young adults.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2021Article
- Reward Sensitivity, Cognitive Response Style, and Inflammatory Response to an Acute Stressor in Adolescents.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2020Article
- Depression Severity Over 27 Months in Adolescent Girls Is Predicted by Stress-Linked Cortical Morphology.Biological psychiatry · 2019Article
- Testing plausible biopsychosocial models in diverse community samples: Common pitfalls and strategies.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2019Review
- Adolescent stress reactivity: Examining physiological, psychological and peer relationship measures with a group stress protocol in a school setting.Journal of adolescence · 2019Article
- Associations between Effortful Control, Cortisol Awakening Response, and Depressive Problems in Latino Preadolescents.The Journal of early adolescence · 2019Article
- The development of the cortisol response to dyadic stressors in Black and White infants.Development and psychopathology · 2018Article
- Racial/ethnic disparities in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect in adolescence.Development and psychopathology · 2018Article
- The role of bicultural adaptation, familism, and family conflict in Mexican American adolescents' cortisol reactivity.Development and psychopathology · 2018Article
- Negative cognitive style and cortisol recovery accentuate the relationship between life stress and depressive symptoms.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2018Article
- Cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase trajectories following a group social-evaluative stressor with adolescents.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Laboratory social stress tests involving public speaking challenges are widely used for eliciting an acute stress response in older children, adolescents, and adults. Recently, a group protocol for a social stress test (the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups, TSST-G) was shown to be effective in adults and is dramatically less time-consuming and resource-intensive compared to the single-subject version of the task. The present study sought to test the feasibility and effectiveness of an adapted group public speaking task conducted with a racially diverse, urban sample of U.S. adolescents (N=191; 52.4% female) between the ages of 11 and 18 (M=14.4 years, SD=1.93). Analyses revealed that this Group Public Speaking Task for Adolescents (GPST-A) provoked a significant increase in cortisol production (on average, approximately 60% above baseline) and in self-reported negative affect, while at the same time avoiding excessive stress responses that would raise ethical concerns or provoke substantial participant attrition. Approximately 63.4% of participants exhibited an increase in cortisol levels in response to the task, with 59.2% of the total sample showing a 10% or greater increase from baseline. Results also suggested that groups of five adolescents might be ideal for achieving more uniform cortisol responses across various serial positions for speech delivery. Basal cortisol levels increased with age and participants belonging to U.S. national minorities tended to have either lower basal cortisol or diminished cortisol reactivity compared to non-Hispanic Whites. This protocol facilitates the recruitment of larger sample sizes compared to prior research and may show great utility in answering new questions about adolescent stress reactivity and development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.