ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2014
Herpesviruses, inflammatory markers and incident depression in a longitudinal study of Detroit residents.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Bidirectional relationship between human herpes virus reactivation and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Pooled it
- Genetic polymorphism involved in major depressive disorder: a systemic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- The longitudinal associations of inflammatory biomarkers and depression revisited: systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Herpes simplex virus: global infection prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2020Pooled it
- The role of CD4Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Depression increases the risk of contracting genital herpes and genital wart in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional analysis.Medicine · 2025Article
- Cytokine Blockade Attenuates Inflammation and Improves Depressive Psychopathology After COVID-19: A Naturalistic Observational Study.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Observational
- The relationship of cytomegalovirus with physical functioning and health-related quality of life in older adults.European geriatric medicine · 2025Article
- Is There such a Thing as Post-Viral Depression?: Implications for Precision Medicine.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Neurocognitive and Neuropsychiatric Health.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Higher Seasonal Variation of Systemic Inflammation in Bipolar Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Viral infections in etiology of mental disorders: a broad analysis of cytokine profile similarities - a narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Does biological age mediate the relationship between childhood adversity and depression? Insights from the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Cytomegalovirus antibodies are associated with mood disorders, suicide, markers of neuroinflammation, and microglia activation in postmortem brain samples.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Is human cytomegalovirus a potential risk factor for mood disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2023Review
- Review
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Central Nervous System: Implications for Psychiatric Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus on the Immune System: Implications for Aging and Mental Health.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- How Immunosenescence and Inflammaging May Contribute to Hyperinflammatory Syndrome in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepression is predicted to become the leading cause of disability worldwide by 2030 and moreover, socioeconomic inequalities in depression persist. Herpesviruses, which are more prevalent among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, subject to stress-induced reactivation and are associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in the etiology of depression, may serve as novel risk factors for depression onset.
methodsData are from individuals in the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study tested for herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity/immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels (N=263) as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) (N=245) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (N=236) levels and assessed for incident depression via the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations between pathogen seropositivity/IgG antibody levels, pro-inflammatory markers and incident depression over approximately one-year of follow-up.
resultsFor every one unit increase in CMV IgG antibody level, the odds of incident depression increased by 26% and individuals with IgG antibody levels in the highest quartile had over three times greater odds of incident depression (odds ratio 3.87, 95% confidence interval 1.47, 10.19), compared to those in the lower three quartiles. Neither CMV or HSV-1 seropositivity nor HSV-1 IgG antibody level were associated with IL-6 or CRP levels at Wave 1, nor were IL-6 or CRP levels associated with incident depression at Wave 2.
conclusionsFurther examination of the biological pathways linking CMV and depression are warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.