ArticleThe Plant cell2014
Structural studies of cinnamoyl-CoA reductase and cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, key enzymes of monolignol biosynthesis.
Article in The Plant cell, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional diversification of CsCAD14 orchestrates synergistic phenylpropanoid biosynthesis to defend gray blight disease in tea plants.Science advances · 2026Article
- Structural and mechanistic basis for the heterotetrameric benzaldehyde synthase from petunia.Science advances · 2026Article
- Identification and In Vitro Functional Characterization of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genetic regulation of stem elongation and thickening in ornamental plants: a review.Horticulture research · 2026Article
- Rice Cinnamoyl CoA Reductase-like GenePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) gene family in wheat: implications for lignin biosynthesis and stress responses.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Map-based cloning of Zmccr3 and its network construction and validation for regulating maize seed germination.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Article
- Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase gene family in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.).BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Identification and expression analysis of cinnamyl CoA reductase gene family and function ofFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Comparative proteomic analysis of unfermented cocoa beans reveals key metabolic differences between fine-flavor and bulk genotypes.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Systematic characterization of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase members revealed classification and function divergence in Haplomitrium mnioides.Journal of plant research · 2025Article
- Floral volatile benzenoids/phenylpropanoids: biosynthetic pathway, regulation and ecological value.Horticulture research · 2024Article
- Identification of a cinnamoyl-CoA reductase from Cinnamomum cassia involved in trans-cinnamaldehyde biosynthesis.Planta · 2024Article
- Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis of Gibberellins Mediated the Circadian Rhythm of Leaf Elongation by Regulating Lignin Synthesis in Maize.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Structural Similarities and Overlapping Activities among Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase, Flavanone 4-Reductase, and Anthocyanidin Reductase Offer Metabolic Flexibility in the Flavonoid Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A novel 7-base pair deletion at a splice site in MS-2 impairs male fertility via premature tapetum degradation in common bean (Phaseolis vulgaris L.).TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2023Article
- OsCCRL1 is Essential for Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Rice Anthers.Rice (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Microparticle-mediated CRISPR DNA delivery for genome editing in poplar.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Bioinformatic analysis of short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase proteins in plant peroxisomes.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Characterization, Expression Profiling, and Biochemical Analyses of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The enzymes cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) catalyze the two key reduction reactions in the conversion of cinnamic acid derivatives into monolignol building blocks for lignin polymers in plant cell walls. Here, we describe detailed functional and structural analyses of CCRs from Medicago truncatula and Petunia hybrida and of an atypical CAD (CAD2) from M. truncatula. These enzymes are closely related members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily. Our structural studies support a reaction mechanism involving a canonical SDR catalytic triad in both CCR and CAD2 and an important role for an auxiliary cysteine unique to CCR. Site-directed mutants of CAD2 (Phe226Ala and Tyr136Phe) that enlarge the phenolic binding site result in a 4- to 10-fold increase in activity with sinapaldehyde, which in comparison to the smaller coumaraldehyde and coniferaldehyde substrates is disfavored by wild-type CAD2. This finding demonstrates the potential exploitation of rationally engineered forms of CCR and CAD2 for the targeted modification of monolignol composition in transgenic plants. Thermal denaturation measurements and structural comparisons of various liganded and unliganded forms of CCR and CAD2 highlight substantial conformational flexibility of these SDR enzymes, which plays an important role in the establishment of catalytically productive complexes of the enzymes with their NADPH and phenolic substrates.
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