Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25217249›Full record

ReviewCurrent neurology and neuroscience reports2014

Genetic heterogeneity in Alzheimer disease and implications for treatment strategies.

John M Ringman, Alison Goate, Colin L Masters, Nigel J Cairns, Adrian Danek, Neill Graff-Radford, Bernardino Ghetti, John C Morris, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. The curious case of a heterozygous loss-of-functionMolecular neurodegeneration advances · 2025
    Article
  12. Observational
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Retinotopic degeneration of the retina and optic tracts in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Observational
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. The dense-core plaques of Alzheimer's disease are granulomas.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

John M RingmanMary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, 10911 Weyburn Ave., #200, Los Angeles, 90095-7226, CA, USA, jringman@mednet.ucla.edu.
Alison Goate
Colin L Masters
Nigel J Cairns
Adrian Danek
Neill Graff-Radford
Bernardino Ghetti
John C Morris
Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network
Washington University in St. Louis · USThe University of Melbourne · AUUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases · DEMayo Clinic in Florida · US

Funding

Smartphone-Based "Burst" Cognitive AssessmentsP01AG003991 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Tammie Lee Smith Benzinger · 1985 to 2026
$69.5M
Imaging CoreU19AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BATEMAN, RANDALL J · 2010 to 2025
$53.9M
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY ALZHEIMERS DISEASE RESEARCH CENTERP50AG005681 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MORRIS, JOHN · 1985 to 2019
$52.1M
The natural history of AB accumulation in preclinical ADP01AG026276 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SCHINDLER, SUZANNE ELIZABETH · 2005 to 2025
$49.5M
UCLA ALZHEIMERS DISEASE RESEARCH CENTERP50AG016570 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BREDESEN, DALE E. · 1999 to 2014
$25.9M
Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer NetworkUF1AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BATEMAN, RANDALL J · 2014 to 2017
$21.6M
Imaging CoreU01AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BATEMAN, RANDALL J · 2008 to 2009
$6.1M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG003991NIA NIH HHS P01 AG026276NIA NIH HHS P01AG026276NIA NIH HHS P01AG03991NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005681NIA NIH HHS P50 AG016570NIA NIH HHS P50 AG05681NIA NIH HHS UF1 AG032438
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the original publication describing the illness in 1907, the genetic understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has advanced such that it is now clear that it is a genetically heterogeneous condition, the subtypes of which may not uniformly respond to a given intervention. It is therefore critical to characterize the clinical and preclinical stages of AD subtypes, including the rare autosomal dominant forms caused by known mutations in the PSEN1, APP, and PSEN2 genes that are being studied in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network study and its associated secondary prevention trial. Similar efforts are occurring in an extended Colombian family with a PSEN1 mutation, in APOE ε4 homozygotes, and in Down syndrome. Despite commonalities in the mechanisms producing the AD phenotype, there are also differences that reflect specific genetic origins. Treatment modalities should be chosen and trials designed with these differences in mind. Ideally, the varying pathological cascades involved in the different subtypes of AD should be defined so that both areas of overlap and of distinct differences can be taken into account. At the very least, clinical trials should determine the influence of known genetic factors in post hoc analyses.

Indexed as

Genetic HeterogeneityAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-Protein PrecursorAnimalsHumansMembrane ProteinsPresenilin-1Presenilin-2Amyloid beta-Protein PrecursorMembrane ProteinsPresenilin-1Presenilin-2PSEN1 protein, humanPSEN2 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID25217249
PMCPMC4162987
OpenAlexW2093198322

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.