ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2015
Interleukin-6: the missing element of the neurocognitive deterioration in schizophrenia? The focus on genetic underpinnings, cognitive impairment and clinical manifestation.
Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Adjunctive Siltuximab in Schizophrenia
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Adjunctive Tocilizumab in Schizophrenia
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationships Between Immune-Inflammatory Features and Social Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between immune and cognitive dysfunction in mood and psychotic disorder: a systematic review and a meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia: An updated conceptual review.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Pooled it
- A significant causal association between C-reactive protein levels and schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- C-reactive protein is increased in schizophrenia but is not altered by antipsychotics: meta-analysis and implications.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Immunomodulatory effects of amisulpride on mammalian macrophages.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Emerging Roles of Non-coding RNAs on Symptom Type and Cognitive Functions in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Clinical Relevance of Peripheral Interleukins in Drug-Naive First-Episode Psychosis: Symptom-Specific Associations from the PANSS Dimensions.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Recent cannabis use affects the association between baseline immune markers and long-term outcomes in psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sabinene Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Memory Decline by Enhancing Cholinergic Function, Decreasing Molybdenum Enzymes, and Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Article
- Association between psychiatric admissions in patients with schizophrenia and IL-6 plasma levels polygenic score.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Exploration of Positive and Negative Schizophrenia Symptom Heterogeneity and Establishment of Symptom-Related miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network: Based on Transcriptome Sequencing Data.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Prenatal and postnatal neuroimmune interactions in neurodevelopmental disorders.Nature immunology · 2024Review
- Low-dose lithium adjunct to atypical antipsychotic treatment nearly improved cognitive impairment, deteriorated the gray-matter volume, and decreased the interleukin-6 level in drug-naive patients with first schizophrenia symptoms: a follow-up pilot study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- The association between peripheral inflammation, brain glutamate and antipsychotic response in Schizophrenia: Data from the STRATA collaboration.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Association of Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Growth Factors Levels with Sex, Therapy and Other Clinical Factors in Schizophrenia and Patient Stratification Based on These Data.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Complement Activation Products in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Association Between Inflammatory Cytokines, Executive Function, and Substance Use in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder and Amphetamine-Type Stimulants Use Disorder.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Taurine, an essential β-amino acid insulates against ketamine-induced experimental psychosis by enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of oxidative/nitrergic imbalances, and suppression of COX-2/iNOS immunoreactions in mice.Metabolic brain disease · 2022Article
- Association between Peripheral Inflammatory Cytokines and Cognitive Function in Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The influence of the immune system deregulation on the risk of schizophrenia is increasingly recognized. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) level together with the polymorphism in its gene (IL6 -174G/C) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels on clinical manifestation and cognition in schizophrenia patients. We recruited 151 patients with schizophrenia and 194 healthy control subjects. Psychopathology was evaluated using Operational Criteria for Psychotic Illness checklist, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Scales for Assessment of Positive and Negative Symptoms. Cognitive performance in schizophrenia patients was assessed using following tests: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, Verbal Fluency Tests, Stroop and subscales from Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale-R-Pl (Similarities, Digit Symbol Coding, Digit Span Forward and Backward). Serum IL-6 and hsCRP levels were significantly higher in schizophrenia patients in comparison with healthy controls. Both hsCRP and IL-6 levels were associated with insidious psychosis onset, duration of illness and chronic schizophrenia course with deterioration. After adjustment for age, education level, number of years of completed education, illness duration, total PANSS score, depression severity and chlorpromazine equivalent, there was still a positive association between IL-6 and hsCRP levels and worse cognitive performance. The IL6 -174G/C polymorphism did not influence IL-6 level, but it was associated with the severity of positive symptoms. Our results suggest that elevated IL-6 levels may play the role in cognitive impairment and serve as potential inflammatory biomarker of deterioration in schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.