ArticlePloS one2014
The peritoneum is both a source and target of TGF-β in women with endometriosis.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of TGF-β superfamily in endometriosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmaceuticals targeting signaling pathways of endometriosis as potential new medical treatment: A review.Medicinal research reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Stage-Related Changes in TGF-β Isoforms in PBMC Culture Supernatants in Endometriosis: A Prospective Case-Control Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Disruption of primary ciliary prostaglandin EJournal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- Article
- Dual Targeting of Orphan Nuclear Receptors NR4A1 and NR4A2 for Nonhormonal Endometriosis Therapy.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Precision Therapeutic and Preventive Molecular Strategies for Endometriosis-Associated Infertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Prospects for potential therapy targeting immune‑associated factors in endometriosis (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Integral Roles of the TGFβ Signaling Pathway in Uterine Function and Disease.Endocrinology · 2025Review
- The long road of drug development for endometriosis - Pains, gains, and hopes.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024Review
- PAK5-mediated PKM2 phosphorylation is critical for anaerobic glycolysis in endometriosis.Frontiers of medicine · 2024Article
- The Different Gene Expression Profile in the Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium Sheds New Light on the Endometrial Seed in Endometriosis.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The Known, the Unknown and the Future of the Pathophysiology of Endometriosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A Preliminary Investigation of the Roles of Endometrial Cells in Endometriosis Development via In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Expression ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review of the Potential Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol on Endometriosis.International journal of women's health · 2023Review
- Persistent dysregulation of genes in the development of endometriosis.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- What Do the Transcriptome and Proteome of Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Tell Us about Endometriosis?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Comparative study on the biological characteristics of menstrual blood- and endometrium-derived endometrial cells.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is believed to play a major role in the aetiology of peritoneal endometriosis. We aimed to determine if the peritoneum is a source of TGF-β and if peritoneal TGF-β expression, reception or target genes are altered in women with endometriosis. Peritoneal fluid, peritoneal bushings and peritoneal biopsies were collected from women with and without endometriosis. TGF-β1, 2 and 3 protein concentrations were measured in the peritoneal fluid. TGF-β1 was measured in mesothelial cell conditioned media. Control peritoneum and peritoneum prone to endometriosis (within Pouch of Douglas) from women without disease (n = 16) and peritoneum distal and adjacent to endometriosis lesions in women with endometriosis (n = 15) and were analysed for TGF-β expression, reception and signalling by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and a TGF-β signalling PCR array. TGF-β1 was increased in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis compared to those without disease (P<0.05) and peritoneal mesothelial cells secrete TGF-β1 in-vitro. In women with endometriosis, peritoneum from sites adjacent to endometriosis lesions expressed higher levels of TGFB1 mRNA when compared to distal sites (P<0.05). The TGF-β-stimulated Smad 2/3 signalling pathway was active in the peritoneum and there were significant increases (P<0.05) in expression of genes associated with tumorigenesis (MAPK8, CDC6), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (NOTCH1), angiogenesis (ID1, ID3) and neurogenesis (CREB1) in the peritoneum of women with endometriosis. In conclusion, the peritoneum, and in particular, the peritoneal mesothelium, is a source of TGF-β1 and this is enhanced around endometriosis lesions. The expression of TGF-β-regulated genes is altered in the peritoneum of women with endometriosis and this may promote an environment favorable to lesion formation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.