ReviewAmerican journal of gastroenterology supplements (Print)2014
Molecular physiology of enteric opioid receptors.
Review in American journal of gastroenterology supplements (Print), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of opioid-receptor antagonists for opioid-induced constipation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Acupuncture for postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Opioid-Induced Constipation and Bowel Dysfunction: A Clinical Guideline.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2017Guideline
- Evaluation of Eluxadoline Effect on Cardiac Repolarization.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2018Trial
- Prolonged-Release Oxycodone/Naloxone Improves Anal Sphincter Relaxation Compared to Oxycodone Plus Macrogol 3350.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2017Trial
- Early response predicts a sustained response to eluxadoline in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea in two Phase 3 studies.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2017Trial
- Safety of Eluxadoline in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2017Trial
- Recent advances in nanomaterial-based strategies for chronic pain alleviation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Substance abuse and inflammation: consequences beyond the brain.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Opioid-Induced Constipation: Mechanistic Insights, Experimental Models, and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Pain Management in Italian Elite Athletes: Trends in the Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Glucocorticoids, and Narcotics in Anti-Doping Reports (2013-2023).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From bugs to behavior: targeting the gut-brain interface for addiction therapeutics.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Enkephalins and Pain Modulation: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Thermoresponsive Polymeric Hydromorphone Prodrug Provides Sustained Local Analgesia without Apparent Adverse Effects.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- The P2YBMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Guidelines for Rational Clinical Use of Fentanyl Transdermal Patch.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Article
- Opioid withdrawal: role in addiction and neural mechanisms.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Molecular and Epigenetic Aspects of Opioid Receptors in Drug Addiction and Pain Management in Sport.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Opioids in the Treatment of Chronic Idiopathic Diarrhea in Humans-A Systematic Review and Treatment Guideline.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Regulation of enteric nervous system via sacral nerve stimulation in opioid-induced constipated rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Opioid drugs have powerful antidiarrheal effects and many patients taking these drugs for chronic pain relief experience chronic constipation that can progress to opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Three classes of opioid receptors are expressed by enteric neurons: μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors (MOR, DOR, and KOR). MOR and DOR couple to inhibition of adenylate cylase and nerve terminal Ca(2+) channels and activation of K(+) channels. These effects reduce neuronal activity and neurotransmitter release. KOR couples to inhibition of Ca(2+) channels and inhibition of neurotransmitter release. In the human gastrointestinal tract, MOR, DOR, and KOR link to inhibition of acetylcholine release from enteric interneurons and purine/nitric oxide release from inhibitory motorneurons. These actions inhibit propulsive motility. MOR and DOR also link to inhibition of submucosal secretomotor neurons, reducing active Cl(-) secretion and passive water movement into the colonic lumen. These effects account for the constipation caused by opioid receptor agonists. Tolerance develops to the analgesic effects of opioid receptor agonists but not to the constipating actions. This may be due to differential β-arrestin-2-dependent opioid receptor desensitization and internalization in enteric nerves in the colon compared with the small intestine and in neuronal pain pathways. Further studies of differential opioid receptor desensitization and tolerance in subsets of enteric neurons may identify new drugs or other treatment strategies of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.