ReviewBalkan medical journal2014
Epidemiology of tularemia.
Review in Balkan medical journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology of tularemia in the countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO): A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Pooled it
- A slow decay to extinction: cold temperatures and reduced microbial complexity prolong the persistence of planktonicApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Clinical factors associated with invasive intervention and outcomes of drainage in pediatric tularemia.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Clinical review of tularemia cases, evaluation of treatment approaches: single-center retrospective study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Pulmonary tularemia leading to a relapse of tularemia orchitis in a patient on TNF-alpha inhibitor.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- Tularemia: Historical Perspectives and Current Challenges of a Re-Emerging Zoonosis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Molecular detection and phylogenetic characterization of pathogenic and endosymbiont microorganisms in Hyalomma ticks collected from livestock.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Silent Carriers: The Role of Rodents in the Emergence of Zoonotic Bacterial Threats.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Epidemiology of Tularemia among Humans and Animals, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, 2012-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Neck Mass: Tularemia Misdiagnosed as a Possible Malignancy.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2025Article
- Article
- Modeling the differential effect of prescribed fire on multi-vector tick-borne tularemia disease.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Tick-Borne Bacterial Diseases in Europe: Threats to public health.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Review
- Investigation ofJournal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Tularemia - a re-emerging disease with growing concern.The veterinary quarterly · 2023Article
- Tularemia in the Differential Diagnosis of Lymphadenitis: A Retrospective Analysis of 16 Cases.Cureus · 2023Article
- Tularemia in Pregnant Woman, Serbia, 2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Tularemia seroprevalence in humans in the region of the Hittite-Arzawa War (Inner Aegean Region), where the first biological weapon was used 3300 years ago.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Molecular investigation of Coxiella burnetii and Francisella tularensis infection in ticks in northern, western, and northwestern Iran.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tularemia is considered to have existed in Anatolia for several thousand years. There are suspicions regarding its use in biological warfare in the Neshite-Arzawan conflict. The causative agent of tularemia may have first been used as a biological weapon in 1320-1318 BC. The disease has recently become a significant re-emerging disease globally as well as in Turkey. In the period of 2001-2010, Kosovo had the highest annual incidence in Europe at a rate of 5.2 per 100,000. Sweden, Finland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Norway, Serbia-Montenegro, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Croatia follow with rates of 2.80, 1.19, 1.0, 0.81, 0.42, 0.4, 0.36, 0.21, and 0.15 per 100,000 people, respectively. Tularemia in Turkey was first reported in the soldiers living in the region very close to the Kaynarca Stream of Thrace in 1936. It has started to gain more and more importance, especially in recent decades in Turkey, due to a very high number of cases and its spread throughout the country. A total of 431 tularemia cases were recorded in Turkey in 2005, but a significant reduction was observed in the number of the cases in the next three years; the number of patients decreased to 71 in 2008. The number of cases increased again in 2009 and continued in subsequent years. The number of cases reached 428, 1531, 2151, and 607 in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. The number of cases peaked in 2011 in Turkey, and was in fact higher than the total number of cases in all European Union countries. The number of cases is higher in females than males in Turkey. In Turkey, 52% of cases of tularemia diagnoses occur from December to March and the most common clinical presentation is the oropharyngeal form caused by contaminated water. Rodents are the most likely sources of tularemia outbreaks in Turkey as well as in Kosovo. Organisms such as ticks, flies and mosquitoes are vectors of tularemia transmission to mammals. Because ticks can carry the bacteria by both transovarial and transstadial transmission, they play a role in the life cycle of tularemia as both reservoir and vector.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.