ArticleAnnals of neurosciences2012
Effects of estrogen on the serotonergic system and calcitonin gene-related peptide in trigeminal ganglia of rats.
Article in Annals of neurosciences, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02715232 (Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones on Serotonin Synthesis and Degradation Measured With PET), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones on Serotonin Synthesis and Degradation Measured With PET
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- A scoping review of hormonal clinical trials in menstrual cycle-related brain disorders: Studies in premenstrual mood disorder, menstrual migraine, and catamenial epilepsy.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of rimegepant in Chinese women with pure menstrual migraine: a retrospective observational study.BMC neurology · 2026Observational
- Amygdalar calcitonin gene-related peptide driven effects of cold sensitivity induced by peripheral neuropathy in mice.The journal of pain · 2026Article
- Pain after osteoporotic fractures using mouse models and patient samples.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2026Article
- Patient-reported outcomes of rimegepant for acute and preventive treatment of migraine in China: a prospective, multicenter, real-world study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Observational
- Relationship of Reduced Pain Intensity and Improved Quality-of-Life with Menstrual Migraine with Aspirin, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Combination.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Male-female comparison of vasomotor effects of circulating hormones in human intracranial arteries.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- CGRP as a potential mediator for the sexually dimorphic responses to traumatic brain injury.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Omega-3-Rich Tuna Oil Derived from By-Products of the Canned Tuna Industry Enhances Memory in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Menopause.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- How Sex Hormones Affect Migraine: An Interdisciplinary Preclinical Research Panel Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Monoclonal anti-CGRP antibodies in post-menopausal women: a real-life study.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2023Article
- Compound of Cynanchum wilfordii and Humulus lupulus L. Ameliorates Menopausal Symptoms in Ovariectomized Mice.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Sex Hormones and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Women With Migraine: A Cross-sectional, Matched Cohort Study.Neurology · 2023Article
- CGRP physiology, pharmacology, and therapeutic targets: migraine and beyond.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Molecular mechanisms of hormones implicated in migraine and the translational implication for transgender patients.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Estradiol Treatment Enhances Behavioral and Molecular Changes Induced by Repetitive Trigeminal Activation in a Rat Model of Migraine.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Role of Estrogens in Menstrual Migraine.Cells · 2022Review
- Hormonal influences in migraine - interactions of oestrogen, oxytocin and CGRP.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2021Review
- Article
- Acute and Preventive Management of Migraine during Menstruation and Menopause.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of migraine is 3-folds higher in females than in males, and it is intricately related to the levels of estrogen. Estrogen may regulate the expression of metabolic enzymes and receptors of serotonin and also calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which are implicated in migraine pathogenesis. PURPOSE: To study the effects of estrogen on the components of serotonin system and CGRP in trigeminal ganglia of ovariectomized (OVX) rats.
methodsOVX rats were administered estrogen in silastic tubes and after 48 h, serum estrogen levels were determined. Trigeminal ganglia tissues were used for RT-PCRs of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), monoamine oxidase (MAO), serotonin receptors (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A), estrogen receptor (ER) and CGRP. Western blots of TPH and MAO were performed.
resultsEstradiol administration to OVX rats increased TPH mRNA levels, while decreased MAO mRNA levels in trigeminal ganglia tissue. Western blot data correlate with the gene expression results. The decreased mRNA levels of serotonin receptors following ovariectomy were restored in estrogen-replenished rats. The induced gene expression of ER in OVX rats was restored following estrogen replenishment.
conclusionEstrogen levels affect the levels of serotonin metabolizing enzymes and its receptors besides CGRP levels. Since TPH and MAO levels regulate circulating and physiologically available serotonin content, the regulation of serotonin metabolizing enzymes suggest a plausible mechanism by which estrogen alleviates migraine in women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.