Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25205366›Full record

ArticleDental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials2014

RAFT-mediated control of nanogel structure and reactivity: chemical, physical and mechanical properties of monomer-dispersed nanogel compositions.

JianCheng Liu, Jeffrey W Stansbury

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

JianCheng LiuDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
Jeffrey W StansburyDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address: jeffrey.stansbury@ucdenver.edu.
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USUniversity of Colorado Boulder · US

Funding

Application of Nanogel-modified Resins for Improved Polymeric Dental MaterialsR01DE022348 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI STANSBURY, JEFFREY W. · 2012 to 2016
$1.9M
Improved Resin Bonded Dental Restoratives Based on Nanogel-modified AdhesivesRC1DE020480 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI STANSBURY, JEFFREY W. · 2009 to 2010
$850k
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE022348NIDCR NIH HHS R01-DE022348NIDCR NIH HHS RC1 DE020480NIDCR NIH HHS RC1-DE020480
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study examines how nanogel structure correlates with photopolymerization and key polymer properties upon addition of nanogels with latent reactivity into a monomer dispersant to produce polymer/polymer composites.

methodsTwo nanogels that retained RAFT functionality based on the synthetic approach were prepared to have different branching densities. These reactive nanogels were dispersed in triethylene glycol dimethacrylate at 0-40 wt%. Reaction kinetics, volumetric shrinkage and shrinkage stress associated with the photopolymerization of nanogel-modified formulations were measured in real time with mechanical properties of the polymers also evaluated. The basic structure of RAFT-derived nanogel particles was examined by the preparation of a separate nanogel constructed with degradable disulfide crosslinking groups. The model nanogel molecular weight and polydispersity were compared before and after degradation.

resultsDespite the controlled radical synthetic approach, the nanogels, which are composed of multiple interconnected, short primary chains, presented relatively high polydispersity. Through addition of the reactive nanogels to a monomer that both infiltrates and disperses the nanogels, the photopolymerization rate was moderately reduced with the increase of nanogel loading levels. Volumetric shrinkage decreased proportionally with nanogel concentration; however, a greater than proportional reduction of polymerization-induced stress was observed. Mechanical properties, such as flexural strength, storage modulus were maintained at the same levels as the control resin for nanogel systems up to 40 wt%. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that beyond the use of RAFT functionality to produce discrete nano-polymeric structures, the residual chain end groups are important to maintain reactivity and mechanical properties of nanogel-modified resin materials.

Indexed as

GelsMaterials TestingNanostructuresChromatography, GelPolymerizationProton Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyGelsHighly branched polymerMethacrylate resinsNanoparticlesPhotopolymerizationPolymer networksRAFT polymerizationShrinkage stressVolumetric shrinkage

Identifiers

PMID25205366
PMCPMC4195848
OpenAlexW2048164552

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.