Trial reportDiabetes care2014
Rationale and design of the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) study: a diabetes prevention trial.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum and supplemental vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in T2DM populations: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Association of vitamin D with risk of type 2 diabetes: A Mendelian randomisation study in European and Chinese adults.PLoS medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Guideline
- Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Diabetes Risk Among Adults With Prediabetes.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Racial differences in measures of glycemia in the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) Study: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Trial
- Effect of intratrial mean 25(OH)D concentration on diabetes risk, by race and weight: an ancillary analysis in the D2d study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Trial
- Indices of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in prediabetes and association with diabetes development in the vitamin D and type 2 diabetes study.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2023Trial
- Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Prediabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Intratrial Exposure to Vitamin D and New-Onset Diabetes Among Adults With Prediabetes: A Secondary Analysis From the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) Study.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers in Non-Obese Lebanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Implications of the Hemoglobin Glycation Index on the Diagnosis of Prediabetes and Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- Vitamin D Supplementation and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes.The New England journal of medicine · 2019Trial
- Establishing an electronic health record-supported approach for outreach to and recruitment of persons at high risk of type 2 diabetes in clinical trials: The vitamin D and type 2 diabetes (D2d) study experience.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Baseline Characteristics of the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) Study: A Contemporary Prediabetes Cohort That Will Inform Diabetes Prevention Efforts.Diabetes care · 2018Trial
- Effect of vitamin D replacement on indexes of insulin resistance in overweight elderly individuals: a randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Trial
- Expert consensus on vitamin D in osteoporosis.Annals of joint · 2025Review
- Effect of vitamin D on regression to normal glucose regulation and individual glycemic measures: A secondary analysis among participants adherent to the trial protocol in the randomized clinical trial vitamin D and type 2 diabetes (D2d) study.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2023Article
- The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 concentration in adults with prediabetes.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- New Approaches to Assess Mechanisms of Action of Selective Vitamin D Analogues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveObservational studies suggest that vitamin D may lower the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, data from long-term trials are lacking. The Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) study is a randomized clinical trial designed to examine whether a causal relationship exists between vitamin D supplementation and the development of diabetes in people at high risk for type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsD2d was designed with support from a U34 planning grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The final protocol was approved by the D2d Research Group, the data and safety monitoring board, and NIDDK. Key eligibility criteria are age ≥30 years, BMI of 24 (22.5 for Asian Americans) to 42 kg/m(2), increased risk for diabetes (defined as meeting two of three glycemic criteria for prediabetes established by the American Diabetes Association [fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL (5.5-6.9 mmol/L), 2-h postload glucose after 75-g glucose load 140-199 mg/dL (7.7-11.0 mmol/L), hemoglobin A₁c 5.7-6.4% (39-46 mmol/mol)]), and no hyperparathyroidism, nephrolithiasis, or hypercalcemia. D2d participants are randomized to once-daily vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol 4,000 IU) or placebo and followed for an average of 3 years. The primary end point is time to incident diabetes as assessed by laboratory criteria during the study or by adjudication if diagnosed outside of D2d. Recruitment was initiated at the end of 2013.
conclusionsD2d will test whether vitamin D supplementation is safe and effective at lowering the risk of progression to diabetes in people at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.