Observational studyAnnals of surgery2014
X chromosome-linked IRAK-1 polymorphism is a strong predictor of multiple organ failure and mortality postinjury.
Observational study in Annals of surgery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Enrichment Strategy Yields Seven Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Mortality and Altered Th17 Responses Following Blunt Trauma.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2018Trial
- Clinical description, genetic analysis and characterization of two NLRP12 heterozygous VUS variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A putative "chemokine switch" that regulates systemic acute inflammation in humans.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Perspectives and Challenges in the Fight Against COVID-19: The Role of Genetic Variability.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Metabolic Profiling of a Porcine Combat Trauma-Injury Model Using NMR and Multi-Mode LC-MS Metabolomics-A Preliminary Study.Metabolites · 2020Article
- X-Linked IRAK1 Polymorphism is Associated with Sex-Related Differences in Polymorphonuclear Granulocyte and Monocyte Activation and Response Variabilities.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2020Article
- Quality Control Measures and Validation in Gene Association Studies: Lessons for Acute Illness.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2020Review
- Directional X Chromosome Skewing of White Blood Cells from Subjects with Heterozygous Mosaicism for the Variant IRAK1 Haplotype.Inflammation · 2020Article
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- Sex and bacterial infectious diseases.New microbes and new infections · 2018Review
- Alternative pre-mRNA splicing of Toll-like receptor signaling components in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with ARDS.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2017Article
- Cell-Free Plasma Hemoglobin and Male Gender Are Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Low Risk Children Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass.Critical care medicine · 2017Observational
- Deletion of interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
- Inherent X-Linked Genetic Variability and Cellular Mosaicism Unique to Females Contribute to Sex-Related Differences in the Innate Immune Response.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Age and Diet Affect Genetically Separable Secondary Injuries that Cause Acute Mortality Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Article
- Sex-based differences in the genomic response, innate immunity, organ dysfunction, and clinical outcomes after severe blunt traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S): Clinical research characterizing the mechanisms responsible for sex-based outcome differences postinjury remain conflicting. We sought to characterize an X chromosome-linked IRAK-1 (IL-1 receptor-associated kinase) polymorphism as an alternative mechanism responsible for sex differences postinjury. IRAK-1 is key intermediate in the toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway thought to drive inflammation postinjury.
methodsA prospective cohort study was performed over a 24-month period. Bluntly injured patients requiring intensive care unit admission were enrolled, whereas patients with isolated brain and spinal cord injuries were excluded. Outcomes of interest included multiple organ failure (MOF, Marshall MOD score > 5) and mortality. Logistic regression was utilized to determine the independent risk of poor outcome associated with the IRAK-1 variant after controlling for important differences.
resultsIn an enrolled cohort of 321 patients, the IRAK-1 variant was common (12.5%). Patients with and without the variant were similar in age, injury severity, and 24hr blood transfusion. After controlling for important confounders, the IRAK1 variant was independently associated with more than eightfold (OR = 8.4, P = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.9-37.1) and 11-fold (OR = 11.8, P = 0.037, 95% CI: 1.1-121) greater risk of MOF and mortality, respectively. These differences were most prominent in men, whereas women heterozygous for the variant demonstrated worse outcome in a dose-dependent fashion.
conclusionsThe IRAK1 polymorphism is a strong independent predictor of MOF and mortality postinjury and represents a common variant with prognostic potential. These data demonstrate the importance of TLR signaling postinjury and supports that a genetic mechanism may drive sex outcome differences postinjury.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.