ReviewEndocrine reviews2014
Sex steroid actions in male bone.
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 311 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mendelian randomization studies of risk and protective factors for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- A mobile app-based intervention improves anthropometry, body composition and fitness, regardless of previous active-inactive status: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2024Trial
- The effect of high-dose vitamin DOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2018Trial
- Gonadal steroid-dependent effects on bone turnover and bone mineral density in men.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2016Trial
- Skeletal and body composition effects of orchiectomy in a colony of diet-induced obese cynomolgus macaques.JBMR plus · 2026Article
- Naringin attenuates orchidectomy-induced bone loss in male rats: evidence from bone remodeling and telomere-related indices.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Effects of testosterone and high-dose anabolic steroids on orthodontic-induced bone remodeling and root resorption: An animal study.Journal of periodontology · 2026Article
- Influence of Maturity Status and Gender on Body Composition and Physical Fitness Adaptations to a Mobile-App-Based Physical Activity Intervention in Adolescents.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Current clinical care for women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome across the European reference network on rare endocrine conditions.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Sex Hormones in a Population of Older Community-dwelling Men.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Impact of reference gender on bone mineral density and fracture risk assessment in transgender adults.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Observational
- Complete Blood Count Parameters and Bone Health: Clinical and Experimental Evidence (Endocrinol Metab 2025;40:811-20, Jeonghoon Ha et al.).Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Complete Blood Count Parameters and Bone Health: Clinical and Experimental Evidence (Endocrinol Metab 2025;40:811-20, Jeonghoon Ha et al.).Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Effect of gender affirming hormone therapy on bone mineral density and bone marrow composition in transgender adults.Endocrine · 2026Observational
- Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Athletes: Implications for Injury Recovery and Musculoskeletal Performance.Cureus · 2026Review
- Sex differences in cachexia outcomes and branched-chain amino acid metabolism following chemotherapy in aged mice.PloS one · 2026Article
- Effects of letrozole supplementation on growth performance, blood indexes, ruminal fermentation parameters, and microbiome composition ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Alteration of bone architecture following androgen deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer using 3D-modeling from hip DXA.Journal of bone oncology · 2025Article
- Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, and fracture risk in men: evidence from observational and Mendelian randomization analyses.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Observational
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex steroids are chief regulators of gender differences in the skeleton, and male gender is one of the strongest protective factors against osteoporotic fractures. This advantage in bone strength relies mainly on greater cortical bone expansion during pubertal peak bone mass acquisition and superior skeletal maintenance during aging. During both these phases, estrogens acting via estrogen receptor-α in osteoblast lineage cells are crucial for male cortical and trabecular bone, as evident from conditional genetic mouse models, epidemiological studies, rare genetic conditions, genome-wide meta-analyses, and recent interventional trials. Genetic mouse models have also demonstrated a direct role for androgens independent of aromatization on trabecular bone via the androgen receptor in osteoblasts and osteocytes, although the target cell for their key effects on periosteal bone formation remains elusive. Low serum estradiol predicts incident fractures, but the highest risk occurs in men with additionally low T and high SHBG. Still, the possible clinical utility of serum sex steroids for fracture prediction is unknown. It is likely that sex steroid actions on male bone metabolism rely also on extraskeletal mechanisms and cross talk with other signaling pathways. We propose that estrogens influence fracture risk in aging men via direct effects on bone, whereas androgens exert an additional antifracture effect mainly via extraskeletal parameters such as muscle mass and propensity to fall. Given the demographic trends of increased longevity and consequent rise of osteoporosis, an increased understanding of how sex steroids influence male bone health remains a high research priority.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.