Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25201725›Full record

ArticleThe Annals of thoracic surgery2014

Excess costs associated with complications and prolonged length of stay after congenital heart surgery.

Sara K Pasquali, Xia He, Marshall L Jacobs, Samir S Shah, Eric D Peterson, Michael G Gaies, Matthew Hall, J William Gaynor, Kevin D Hill, John E Mayer and 2 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in The Annals of thoracic surgery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Changes in mucin expression in the lungs of infant piglets following cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. The PediPERForm Learning Network congenital perfusion registry.The journal of extra-corporeal technology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Quality Versus Costs Related to Gastrointestinal Surgery: Disentangling the Value Proposition.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Sara K PasqualiDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: pasquali@med.umich.edu.
Xia HeDuke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Marshall L JacobsDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Samir S ShahDepartment of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Eric D PetersonDuke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Michael G GaiesDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Matthew HallChildren's Hospital Association, Overland Park, Kansas.
J William GaynorDepartment of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Kevin D HillDuke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
John E MayerDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts.
Jennifer S LiDuke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Jeffrey P JacobsDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Funding

Comparative Effectiveness of Medications Used in Congenital Heart SurgeryRC1HL099941 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI JACOBS, JEFFREY PHILLIP, LI, JENNIFER S · 2009 to 2010
$847k
Explaining Variation in Mortality after Pediatric Cardiac SurgeryK08HL116639 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI GAIES, MICHAEL · 2014 to 2018
$767k
Career Development in Outcomes Assessment in Congenital Heart SurgeryK08HL103631 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI PASQUALI, SARA · 2010 to 2014
$502k
NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL103631NHLBI NIH HHS K08HL103631NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL116639NHLBI NIH HHS RC1 HL099941NHLBI NIH HHS RC1HL099941
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile there is an increasing emphasis on both optimizing quality of care and reducing health care costs, there are limited data regarding how to best achieve these goals for common and resource-intense conditions such as congenital heart disease. We evaluated excess costs associated with complications and prolonged length of stay (LOS) after congenital heart surgery in a large multicenter cohort.

methodsClinical data from The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database were linked to estimated costs from the Pediatric Health Information Systems Database (2006 to 2010). Excess cost per case associated with complications and prolonged LOS was modeled for 9 operations of varying complexity adjusting for patient baseline characteristics.

resultsOf 12,718 included operations (27 centers), average excess cost per case in those with any complication (versus none) was $56,584 (+$132,483 for major complications). The 5 highest cost complications were tracheostomy, mechanical circulatory support, respiratory complications, renal failure, and unplanned reoperation or reintervention (ranging from $57,137 to $179,350). Patients with an additional day of LOS above the median had an average excess cost per case of $19,273 (+$40,688 for LOS 4 to 7 days above median). Potential cost savings in the study cohort achievable through reducing major complications (by 10%) and LOS (by 1 to 3 days) were greatest for the Norwood operation ($7,944,128 and $3,929,351, respectively) and several other commonly performed operations of more moderate complexity.

conclusionsComplications and prolonged LOS after congenital heart surgery are associated with significant costs. Initiatives able to achieve even modest reductions in these morbidities may lead to both improved outcomes and cost savings across both moderate and high complexity operations.

Indexed as

Cardiac Surgical ProceduresChild, PreschoolCost SavingsDatabases, FactualFemaleHeart Defects, CongenitalHospital CostsHumansInfantLength of StayMalePostoperative ComplicationsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID25201725
PMCPMC4258387

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.