Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25199916›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2015

Clustering autism: using neuroanatomical differences in 26 mouse models to gain insight into the heterogeneity.

J Ellegood, E Anagnostou, B A Babineau, J N Crawley, L Lin, M Genestine, E DiCicco-Bloom, J K Y Lai, J A Foster, O Peñagarikano and 23 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 177 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
177citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

177 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 307 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Altered Brain Structure in an ATRX-Deficient Mouse Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
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  9. Role and Impact of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Environmental Enrichment Increases Brain Volume in Snakes.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Multiscale comparative connectomics.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Implications of draxin in neurological disorders.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors at 12 institutions in 3 countries.

J EllegoodMouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
E AnagnostouHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
B A BabineauLaboratory of Behavioral Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J N Crawley1] Laboratory of Behavioral Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
L LinDepartment of Neurosciences and Cell Biology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
M GenestineDepartment of Neurosciences and Cell Biology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
E DiCicco-BloomDepartment of Neurosciences and Cell Biology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
J K Y LaiThe Brain-Body Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
J A FosterThe Brain-Body Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
O PeñagarikanoSemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
D H GeschwindSemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
L K PaceyLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
D R HampsonLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
C L LalibertéMouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
A A MillsCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.
E TamDepartments of Medicine and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
L R OsborneDepartments of Medicine and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
M KouserDepartments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
F Espinosa-BecerraDepartments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Z XuanDepartments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
C M PowellDepartments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
A RaznahanChild Psychiatry Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
D M RobinsDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
N NakaiDepartment of Mental Biology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan.
J NakataniDepartment of Mental Biology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan.
T TakumiDepartment of Mental Biology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan.
M C van EedeMouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
T M KerrDepartment of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
C MullerDepartment of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
R D BlakelyDepartment of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
J Veenstra-VanderWeeleDepartment of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
R M Henkelman1] Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J P Lerch1] Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
University of Toronto · CAThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · USHospital for Sick Children · CAJohnson University · USNational Institute of Mental Health · USRIKEN Center for Brain Science · JPVanderbilt Health · USMcMaster University · CACold Spring Harbor Laboratory · USHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital · CAJohn F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Section on Developmental NeurogenomicsZIAMH002949 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI RAZNAHAN, ARMIN · 2016 to 2025
$30.0M
Stress-Mediated Alterations in Serotonin 2C Receptor Editing and FunctionP50MH096972 · NIMH · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI BLAKELY, RANDY D. · 2012 to 2016
$10.5M
NOVEL GENETIC MODELS OF AUTISMR01HD069560 · NICHD · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI POWELL, CRAIG M · 2011 to 2020
$4.8M
Neurobiological Signatures of Social Dysfunction and Repetitive BehaviorR01MH094604 · NIMH · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI VEENSTRA-VANDERWEELE, JEREMY · 2011 to 2015
$2.0M
Neuroligin Function in vivo: Implications for Autism and Mental RetardationR01MH081164 · NIMH · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI POWELL, CRAIG M · 2009 to 2013
$1.9M
Striatal synaptic Abnormalities in Models of AutismR01MH093697 · NIMH · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI POWELL, CRAIG M · 2012 to 2015
$1.6M
Novel Genetic Animal Models of AutismR21HD065290 · NICHD · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI POWELL, CRAIG M · 2009 to 2010
$550k
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD069560NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD065290NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH096972NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH081164NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH093697NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH094604
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autism is a heritable disorder, with over 250 associated genes identified to date, yet no single gene accounts for >1-2% of cases. The clinical presentation, behavioural symptoms, imaging and histopathology findings are strikingly heterogeneous. A more complete understanding of autism can be obtained by examining multiple genetic or behavioural mouse models of autism using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based neuroanatomical phenotyping. Twenty-six different mouse models were examined and the consistently found abnormal brain regions across models were parieto-temporal lobe, cerebellar cortex, frontal lobe, hypothalamus and striatum. These models separated into three distinct clusters, two of which can be linked to the under and over-connectivity found in autism. These clusters also identified previously unknown connections between Nrxn1α, En2 and Fmr1; Nlgn3, BTBR and Slc6A4; and also between X monosomy and Mecp2. With no single treatment for autism found, clustering autism using neuroanatomy and identifying these strong connections may prove to be a crucial step in predicting treatment response.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAnimalsAutistic DisorderBrainHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, TransgenicMultigene Family

Identifiers

PMID25199916
PMCPMC4426202
OpenAlexW2016423032

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.