Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25199898›Full record

ArticleThe Milbank quarterly2014

Disability and care needs among older Americans.

Vicki A Freedman, Brenda C Spillman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Milbank quarterly, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
163citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

163 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Health Services Use Among Jailed Women with Alcohol Use Disorders.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2019
    Trial
  5. Cohabitation and unmet care needs in later life.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The disability and care squeeze: the effects of children's disability and special healthcare needs on parents' employment in Australia.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
    Article
  10. Proteome-wide association study of cortical proteins that may provide resilience for late-life disability.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Physical frailty, self-rated health, and all-cause mortality: implications for understanding resilience in aging.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Caregivers serving as confidants: relationship correlates and well-being by care-recipients' dementia status.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Vicki A FreedmanInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
Brenda C Spillman

Funding

The National Health and Trends StudyU01AG032947 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI VICKI A. FREEDMAN, JENNIFER ANN SCHRACK · 2008 to 2026
$169.4M
NIA NIH HHS U01 AG032947
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextThe cost of late-life dependency is projected to grow rapidly as the number of older adults in the United States increases in the coming decades. To provide a context for framing relevant policy discussions, we investigated activity limitations and assistance, care resources, and unmet need for a national sample of older adults.

methodsWe analyzed the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study, a new national panel study of more than 8,000 Medicare enrollees.

findingsNearly one-half of older adults, or 18 million people, had difficulty or received help in the last month with daily activities. Altogether, 1 in 4 older adults receiving help lived in either a supportive care (15%) or a nursing home (10%) setting. Nearly 3 million received assistance with 3 or more self-care or mobility activities in settings other than nursing homes, and a disproportionate share of persons at this level had low incomes. Nearly all older adults in settings other than nursing homes had at least 1 potential informal care network member (family or household member or close friend), and the average number of network members was 4. Levels of informal assistance, primarily from family caregivers, were substantial for older adults receiving help in the community (164 hours/month) and living in supportive care settings (50 hours/month). Nearly all of those getting help received informal care, and about 3 in 10 received paid care. Of those who had difficulty or received help in settings other than nursing homes, 32% had an adverse consequence in the last month related to an unmet need; for community residents with a paid caregiver, the figure was nearly 60%.

conclusionsThe older population-especially those with few economic resources-has substantial late-life care needs. Policies to improve long-term services and supports and reduce unmet need could benefit both older adults and those who care for them.

Indexed as

Activities of Daily LivingAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCaregiversHealth Services Needs and DemandHome NursingHumansMedicareNursing HomesPersons with DisabilitiesUnited Statesagingdisabilitylong-term care

Identifiers

PMID25199898
PMCPMC4221755

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.