Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25197032›Full record

ReviewNatural product reports2014

Chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparan sulfate and heparin.

Jian Liu, Robert J Linhardt

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Natural product reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 190 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
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  8. UtilizingAmerican journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Non-anticoagulant heparin derivatives for COVID-19 treatment.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2023
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jian LiuDivision of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Rm 1044, Genetic Medicine Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. jian_liu@unc.edu.
Robert J Linhardt
Communities In Schools of Orange County · USTroy University · US

Funding

In vitro synthesis of recombinant heparan sulfateR01HL094463 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LIU, JIAN, PAWLINSKI, RAFAL L · 2009 to 2021
$5.2M
Synthetic Heparan Sulfate: Probing Biosynthesis to Prepare Defined DrugsR01HL062244 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI DEANGELIS, PAUL L, LINHARDT, ROBERT J · 2001 to 2016
$4.1M
Development of a Bioengineered Heparin from a Non-Animal SourceR01HL096972 · NHLBI · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI DORDICK, JONATHAN S., LINHARDT, ROBERT J · 2009 to 2013
$3.9M
Uncovering the controlling mechanisms in heparan sulfate biosynthesisU01GM102137 · NIGMS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LIU, JIAN · 2013 to 2016
$1.2M
NHLBI NIH HHS HL094463NHLBI NIH HHS HL096972NHLBI NIH HHS HL62244NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL062244NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL094463NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL096972NIGMS NIH HHS GM102137NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM102137
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heparan sulfate is a polysaccharide that plays essential physiological functions in the animal kingdom. Heparin, a highly sulfated form of heparan sulfate, is a widely prescribed anticoagulant drug worldwide. The heparan sulfate and heparin isolated from natural sources are highly heterogeneous mixtures differing in their polysaccharide chain lengths and sulfation patterns. The access to structurally defined heparan sulfate and heparin is critical to probe the contribution of specific sulfated saccharide structures to the biological functions as well as for the development of the next generation of heparin-based anticoagulant drugs. The synthesis of heparan sulfate and heparin, using a purely chemical approach, has proven extremely difficult, especially for targets larger than octasaccharides having a high degree of site-specific sulfation. A new chemoenzymatic method has emerged as an effective alternative approach. This method uses recombinant heparan sulfate biosynthetic enzymes combined with unnatural uridine diphosphate-monosaccharide donors. Recent examples demonstrate the successful synthesis of ultra-low molecular weight heparin, low-molecular weight heparin and bioengineered heparin with unprecedented efficiency. The new method provides an opportunity to develop improved heparin-based therapeutics.

Indexed as

Heparan SulfateHeparinDrug DesignMolecular StructureHeparan SulfateHeparin

Identifiers

PMID25197032
PMCPMC4387879
OpenAlexW2159631961

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.