ArticleBehavior genetics2014
Genotype-environment correlation in the era of DNA.
Article in Behavior genetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gene-environment interplay explaining individual variation in BMI outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using polygenic indices.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- Psychiatric and substance use disorder polygenic scores are associated with the exposome in youth.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Non-cognitive skills mediate education-related polygenic score associations with academic achievement across development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Economics and Econometrics of Gene-Environment Interplay.The Review of economic studies · 2026Article
- Assessing Orthogonality in Gene-Environment Interaction Studies Using Polygenic Indices.Behavior genetics · 2026Article
- Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- From genetic disposition to academic achievement: The mediating role of non-cognitive skills across development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Interplay between genetic risk and built neighborhood conditions as predictor of BMI across the transition into adulthood.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- Genetic associations between non-cognitive skills and academic achievement over development.Nature human behaviour · 2024Article
- Genetic contributions of noncognitive skills to academic development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Challenges in studying the interplay of genes and environment. A study of childhood financial distress moderating genetic predisposition for peak smoking.Journal Of Economic Psychology · 2023Article
- Direct and Indirect Genetic Effects on Aggression.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2023Article
- Genetic contributions of noncognitive skills to academic development.Research square · 2023Article
- Exploring the Genetic Link Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Common Psychiatric Disorders: A Specific Hormonal or a General Autoimmune Comorbidity.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2023Article
- Genetic versus environmental influences on callous-unemotional traits in preadolescence: The role of parenting and parental psychopathology.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Research Review: A guide to computing and implementing polygenic scores in developmental research.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Review
- Genetics Matters: Voyaging from the Past into the Future of Humanity and Sustainability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The P-factor and its genomic and neural equivalents: an integrated perspective.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Twin studies to GWAS: there and back again.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2021Review
- The Analytic Identification of Variance Component Models Common to Behavior Genetics.Behavior genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
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Abstract
One of John Loehlin's many contributions to the field of behavioral genetics involves gene-environment (GE) correlation. The empirical base for GE correlation was research showing that environmental measures are nearly as heritable as behavioral measures and that genetic factors mediate correlations between environment and behavior. Attempts to identify genes responsible for these phenomena will come up against the 'missing heritability' problem that plagues DNA research on complex traits throughout the life sciences. However, DNA can also be used for quantitative genetic analyses of unrelated individuals (Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis, GCTA) to investigate genetic influence on environmental measures and their behavioral correlates. A novel feature of GCTA is that it enables genetic analysis of family-level environments (e.g., parental socioeconomic status) and school-level environments (e.g., teaching quality) that cannot be investigated using within-family designs such as the twin method. An important implication of GE correlation is its shift from a passive model of the environment imposed on individuals to an active model in which individuals actively create their own experiences in part on the basis of their genetic propensities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.