SynthesisMycotoxin research2015
Uncommon occurrence ratios of aflatoxin B1, B 2, G 1, and G 2 in maize and groundnuts from Malawi.
Synthesis in Mycotoxin research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mycotoxin contamination in Malawi: A systematic review of progress and trends in contamination, knowledge, attitude, and practices.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Mycotoxin management in Sub-Saharan Africa: A comprehensive systematic review of policies and strategies in Malawi.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Article
- Comparative analysis of the genomes and aflatoxin production patterns of three species within the Aspergillus section Flavi reveals an undescribed chemotype and habitat-specific genetic traits.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Controlling aflatoxin in maize: The effects of varieties, packaging materials, and agroecological zones.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Review
- Dietary aflatoxin exposure of lactating mothers of children 0-6 months in Makueni County, Kenya.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- Survey of knowledge, and attitudes to storage practices preempting the occurrence of filamentous fungi and mycotoxins in some Ghanaian staple foods and processed products.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Comprehensive review on patulin andFrontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Review
- Mycotoxin levels and characterization of natural anti-fungal phytochemicals in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) from Nigeria's six agroecological zones.Mycotoxin research · 2022Article
- Article
- Formation of B- and M-group aflatoxins and precursors by Aspergillus flavus on maize and its implication for food safety.Mycotoxin research · 2022Article
- The occurrence of aflatoxins and human health risk estimations in randomly obtained maize from some markets in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Aflatoxin- and Fumonisin-Producing Fungi Associated with Cereal Crops Grown in Zimbabwe and Their Associated Risks in a Climate Change Scenario.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Biodiversity of AflatoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Postharvest Storage Practices of Maize in Rift Valley and Lower Eastern Regions of Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of microbiology · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report an unusual aflatoxin profile in maize and groundnuts from Malawi, with aflatoxin G1 found routinely at equal or even higher levels than aflatoxin B1. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) ratio in a contaminated sample is generally greater than 50% of total aflatoxin (sum of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2). In Malawi, the aflatoxin occurrence ratios were determined by examining LC-MS/MS and HPLC fluorescence detection (FLD) data of 156 naturally contaminated raw maize and 80 groundnut samples collected in 2011 and 2012. Results showed that natural aflatoxin occurrence ratio differed. In 47% of the samples, the concentration of AFG1 was higher than that of AFB1. The mean concentration percentages of AFB1/AFB2/AFG1/AFG2 in reference to total aflatoxins were found to be 47:5:43:5%, respectively. The AFG1 and AFB1 50/50 trend was observed in maize and groundnuts and was consistent for samples collected in both years. If the AFB1 measurement was used to check compliance of total aflatoxin regulatory limit set at 10, 20, 100, and 200 μg/kg with an assumption that AFB1≥50% of the total aflatoxin content, 8, 13, 24, and 26% false negative rates would have occurred respectively. It is therefore important for legislation to consider total aflatoxins rather than AFB1 alone.
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