Observational studyJACC. Heart failure2014
Heart failure risk across the spectrum of ankle-brachial index: the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities).
Observational study in JACC. Heart failure, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Amino Acids and Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease in the PREDIMED Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Trial
- Differential Myopathic and Transcriptomic Changes in Soleus and Gastrocnemius Muscles in a Novel Chronic Hindlimb Ischemia Rat Model Induced by Endovascular Catheter Occlusion.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Implications of Modest Reductions in ABI Measurements for Risk of Major Adverse Limb Events Among 223,350 Veterans.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Four-Limb Blood Pressure in Distinguishing Between Aortic Stenosis and Bilateral Lower-Extremity Arterial Stenosis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Prognostic Factors Associated with 2-year Mortality in Patients with Intermittent Claudication Treated with Endovascular Therapy for Femoropopliteal Lesions: Results from the Multicenter PROCYON Study.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Article
- Assessment of Frailty Among Older Adults in the Physical Activity Daily Trial.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2024Observational
- Peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and recurrent admissions for acute decompensated heart failure: The ARIC study.Atherosclerosis · 2024Article
- The Association between Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Peripheral Artery Disease Burden.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Article
- Ankle-Brachial Index and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in the Community: The ARIC Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Atherogenic index of plasma: a new indicator for assessing the short-term mortality of patients with acute decompensated heart failure.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Preventive Therapies in Peripheral Arterial Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Sleep Irregularity and Subclinical Markers of Cardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Are Non-Invasive Modalities for the Assessment of Atherosclerosis Useful for Heart Failure Predictions?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Mortality Risk Assessment in Peripheral Arterial Disease-The Burden of Cardiovascular Risk Factors over the Years: A Single Center's Experience.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cardiac Rehabilitation and Mortality Risk Reduction in Peripheral Artery Disease at 6-Month Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Contemporary Medical Therapies for Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease and Concomitant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Review of Current Evidence.Current cardiology reports · 2022Review
- Ankle-brachial index and subsequent risk of incident and recurrent cardiovascular events in older adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.Atherosclerosis · 2021Article
- Association of Ankle Brachial Index with Clinical Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Aortic Aneurysm.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2021Article
- Review
- Epidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease and Polyvascular Disease.Circulation research · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the relationship between ankle brachial index (ABI) and the risk for heart failure (HF).
backgroundThe ABI is a simple, noninvasive measure associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and death; however, the relationship between ABI and risk for HF is less well characterized.
methodsBetween 1987 and 1989 in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study, an oscillometric device was used to measure blood pressure in a single upper and randomly chosen lower extremity to determine the ABI. Incident HF events were defined by the first hospitalization with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code of 428.x through 2008. The risk for HF was assessed across the ABI range using restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsABI was available in 13,150 participants free from prevalent HF. Over a mean 17.7 years of follow-up, 1,809 incident HF events occurred. After adjustment for traditional HF risk factors, prevalent coronary heart disease, subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, and interim myocardial infarction, compared with an ABI of 1.01 to 1.40, participants with ABIs ≤0.90 were at increased risk for HF (hazard ratio: 1.40; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 1.74), as were participants with ABIs of 0.91 to 1.00 (hazard ratio: 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 1.59).
conclusionsIn a middle-age community cohort, an ABI ≤1.00 was significantly associated with an increased risk for HF, independent of traditional HF risk factors, prevalent coronary heart disease, carotid atherosclerosis, and interim myocardial infarction. Low ABI may reflect not only overt atherosclerosis but also pathologic processes in the development of HF beyond epicardial atherosclerotic disease and myocardial infarction alone. A low ABI, as a simple, noninvasive measure, may be a risk marker for HF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.