Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25194204›Full record

ReviewProgress in brain research2014

The respiratory-vocal system of songbirds: anatomy, physiology, and neural control.

Marc F Schmidt, J Martin Wild

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Progress in brain research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Respiratory contributions to birdsong-evolutionary considerations and open questions.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. The lungs of the finch: three-dimensional pulmonary anatomy of the zebra finch (Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The breath shape controls intonation of mouse vocalizations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Resurgent NaNature communications · 2021
    Article
  18. Neuronal Switching between Single- and Dual-Network Activity via Modulation of Intrinsic Membrane Properties.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Neural Code of Motor Planning and Execution during Goal-Directed Movements in Crows.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Marc F SchmidtDepartment of Biology and Neuroscience Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: marcschm@sas.upenn.edu.
J Martin WildDepartment of Anatomy with Radiology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address: m.wild@auckland.ac.nz.

Funding

Sensorimotor control of the oropharynx and esophagusR01NS029467 · NINDS · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI SUTHERS, RODERICK ATKINS · 1991 to 2014
$3.3M
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE SONG MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEMR01DC006102 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SCHMIDT, MARC F · 2003 to 2012
$2.8M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC006102NIDCD NIH HHS R01DC6102NINDS NIH HHS 2 R01 NS029467-16ANINDS NIH HHS R01 NS029467
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This wide-ranging review presents an overview of the respiratory-vocal system in songbirds, which are the only other vertebrate group known to display a degree of respiratory control during song rivalling that of humans during speech; this despite the fact that the peripheral components of both the respiratory and vocal systems differ substantially in the two groups. We first provide a brief description of these peripheral components in songbirds (lungs, air sacs and respiratory muscles, vocal organ (syrinx), upper vocal tract) and then proceed to a review of the organization of central respiratory-related neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, the latter having an organization fundamentally similar to that of the ventral respiratory group of mammals. The second half of the review describes the nature of the motor commands generated in a specialized "cortical" song control circuit and how these might engage brainstem respiratory networks to shape the temporal structure of song. We also discuss a bilaterally projecting "respiratory-thalamic" pathway that links the respiratory system to "cortical" song control nuclei. This necessary pathway for song originates in the brainstem's primary inspiratory center and is hypothesized to play a vital role in synchronizing song motor commands both within and across hemispheres.

Indexed as

Respiratory Physiological PhenomenaAnimalsSongbirdsVocalization, Animalavianbasal gangliabrainstembreathingmedullaneuralsingingsongbirdssong systemsparse codevocalization

Identifiers

PMID25194204
PMCPMC4532670

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.